台式显微仪器的“人仪一体化”作业空间设计原则与评估方法  

“Human-instrument integration” design principle and assessment method for workstation of desktop microscopic instruments

作　　者：王勇[1,2] 谭久彬[2] Wang Yong;Tan Jiubin(School Architecture,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China;,2,School of Instrumentation Science and Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学建筑学院,哈尔滨150001 [2]哈尔滨工业大学仪器科学与工程学院,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《仪器仪表学报》2022年第6期1-8,共8页Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument

摘　　要：针对生物显微镜的使用需求,提出一种台式显微仪器的“人仪一体化”作业空间设计原则。“人仪一体化”的作业空间以操作者为中心,最大程度地提高操作者的作业效率和舒适度,减轻作业疲劳;针对生物显微镜的作业特点及工作路径,设计了3种作业空间布局方案;利用Jack软件对不同方案进行了任务用时和能耗评价;完成了作业姿态的操作舒适性对比实验,并对颈肩部主要肌肉的表面肌电均方根(RMS)值进行了配对T检验。结果表明转向一侧的头夹肌及对应一侧的胸锁乳突肌最为敏感、载荷变化较大,其RMS的平均变化率分别为56.4%和8.4%,并结合操作者主观评价最终确定了重叠型为最优布局形式。此评估方法验证了“人仪一体化”作业空间设计原则的有效性,可为相关显微仪器设备的作业空间设计起到一定指导作用。One kind of “human-instrument integration” principle for designing workstations of desktop microscopic instruments which can provide better user experience is proposed in this article. The workstation based on the principle takes the operator as the center. In this way, the efficiency and comfort level are maximized, and the operating fatigue is reduced. Aiming at the operation characteristics and work path of the biological microscope, three kinds of workstation layout schemes are designed. The software Jack is used to evaluate operating time and energy consumption. The comparison experiment for operation comfort of the working postures is completed. The RMS of surface EMG for the main muscles of the neck and shoulder is tested by paired T test. The results show that the splenius capitis on the turning side and the sternocleidomastoid on the corresponding side are the most sensitive with bigger load variation, and the average RMS change rates are 56.4% and 8.4% respectively. Combined with the subjective evaluation of operators, the more comfortable overlapped type is finally determined as the optimal layout. The assessment method verifies the effectiveness of the “human-instrument integration” principle, which can provide guidance for the workstation design of related microscopic instruments.

关 键 词：人仪一体化 生物显微镜 作业空间 表面肌电 Jack仿真 

分 类 号：TH122[机械工程—机械设计及理论]