高产多抗大豆品种牡豆12亲本追溯及遗传解析  

Ancestors Tracking and Genetic Dissection for A High Yield and Multi Resistant Soybean Cultivar Mudou 12

作　　者：齐玉鑫[1] 任海祥[1] 王燕平[1] 宗春美[1] 孙晓环[1] 白艳凤[1] 李文[1] 孙国宏[1] QI Yu-xin;REN Hai-xiang;WANG Yan-ping;ZONG Chun-mei;SUN Xiao-huan;BAI Yan-feng;LI Wen;SUN Guo-hong(Mudanjiang Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Mudanjiang Experiment Station of the National Center for Soybean Improvement/Soybean Research and Development Center of Mudanjiang,Mudanjiang 157041,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院牡丹江分院/国家大豆改良中心牡丹江试验站/牡丹江大豆研发中心,黑龙江牡丹江157041

出　　处：《大豆科学》2022年第4期397-404,共8页Soybean Science

基　　金：黑龙江省农业科学院杰出青年基金(2020JCQN005);黑龙江省农业科学院“农业科技创新跨越工程”(HNK2019CX01-7);黑龙江省“百千万”工程科技重大专项(2019ZX16B01-9);黑龙江省农业科学院中试项目(2021ZSXM033)。

摘　　要：牡豆12是黑龙江省农业科学院牡丹江分院2018年审定的大豆品种,具有高产、优质、抗病等特点。为解析牡豆12育种过程中产量、品质、抗性等性状在其遗传改良过程中的变化和传递规律,本研究追溯牡豆12的祖先亲本,建立系谱树,揭示其遗传基础,并对主要亲本的农艺性状进行分析。结果表明:牡豆12属四粒黄细胞质家族,传递过程为四粒黄→黄宝珠→满仓金→克5501-3→绥农3号→黑农33→黑农41→牡豆12。牡豆12核基因来自21个祖先亲本,其中Clark 63的核遗传贡献率最高(25%),四粒黄和金元应用次数最多(11次)。牡豆12的选育过程可归纳为4个阶段,随着遗传基础的拓宽和育种方法的发展,实现了大豆产量和抗性的提升。选用抗性优良的地理远缘种质可作为亲本来改良品种抗性;提高单株粒重、单株荚数及在保持一定株高范围的情况下增加主茎节数可提高大豆产量。Mudou 12,with the characteristics of high yield,high quality and resistant to disease,was approved by Mudanjiang Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences in 2018.In this study,the ancestral parents of Mudou 12 were traced,the pedigree tree was established,the genetic basis was revealed,and the agronomic traits of its main parents were analyzed.The results showed that Mudou 12 belonged to Silihuang cytoplasmic family,and its transmission process was Silihuang→Huangbaozhu→Manchangjin→Ke5501-03→Suinong 3→Heinong 33→Heinong 41→Mudou 12.The nuclear genes of Mudou 12 were provided by 21 ancestral parents.Among them,the highest contribution rate of nuclear inheritance was Clark 63(25%).The breeding process of Mudou 12 can be divided into four stages.With the broadening of genetic basis and the development of breeding methods,the yield and resistance of soybean had been improved.Geographic distant germplasm with excellent resistance can be used as parents to improve resistance.The increasing of the seeds weight per plant and the pods number per plant,and the nodes number of main stem while keeping a certain range of plant height can improve the yield of soybean.

关 键 词：牡豆12 亲本追溯 遗传解析 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]