江西秋播不同来源大豆品质性状鉴定及优异种质筛选  

Identification of Quality Characters and Screening of Excellent Germplasm of Soybean from Different Sources in Autumn Sowing in Jiangxi Province

作　　者：赵朝森[1] 赵现伟[1] 郭兵福 孙丽萍 厉苏宁 王瑞珍[1] ZHAO Chao-sen;ZHAO Xian-wei;GUO Bing-fu;SUN Li-ping;LI Su-ning;WANG Rui-zhen(Crops Research Institute of Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Oil Crops Biology,Nanchang 330200,China)

机构地区：[1]江西省农业科学院作物研究所/江西省油料作物生物学重点实验室,江西南昌330200

出　　处：《大豆科学》2022年第4期413-419,共7页Soybean Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFE0116900,2017YFD0101500);国家自然科学基金(31960408)。

摘　　要：为深入发掘优异大豆种质资源,将不同来源的1897份大豆种质资源在江西秋季播种,对粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量进行综合分析与评价,筛选优异种质,为江西省及中国南方大豆产区优质大豆新品种选育和种质创新提供材料基础。结果表明:不同来源的大豆种质平均粗蛋白质含量43.05%,平均值由大到小为:南方>黄淮海>北方>国外,遗传变异系数由大到小为:国外>黄淮海>北方>南方,但均没有超过5%;粗脂肪含量总体水平较低,平均含量18.1%,平均值由大到小顺序为:国外>北方>黄淮海>南方,遗传变异系数由大到小为:国外>黄淮海>北方>南方,国外大豆种质品质性状的遗传变异程度较中国大豆种质更丰富。方差分析表明,国外、黄淮海、北方、南方大豆种质粗蛋白质、粗脂肪含量之间的差异极显著。粗蛋白质含量在43.01%~44.00%范围出现最大频度,粗脂肪含量在17.01%~18.00%范围出现最大频度。根据不同来源的大豆种质粗蛋白质、粗脂肪含量的分布特点,筛选出粗蛋白质含量在48%以上的优异种质9份,粗脂肪含量在21.5%以上的优异种质11份,其中,Saikai 20粗蛋白质含量高达51.46%,Ls18粗脂肪含量高达22.18%,可作为大豆品质育种和大豆蛋白、脂肪含量相关基因发掘与功能研究的骨干亲本和供体。In order to deeply explore excellent soybean germplasm resources,1897 soybean germplasm resources from different sources were sown in autumn in Jiangxi Province,and the contents of crude protein and crude fat were comprehensively analyzed and evaluated to screen excellent germplasm,so as to provide a material basis for the breeding of new high-quality soybean varieties and germplasm innovation in Jiangxi Province and soybean producing areas in southern China.The results showed that the crude protein content of soybean germplasm from different sources was relatively high,with an average content of 43.05%.The average value ranged from large to small was:Southern>Huang-Huai-Hai region>Northern>Foreign,and the genetic variation coefficient ranged from large to small was:Foreign>Huang-Huai-Hai region>Northern>Southern,but none exceeded 5%.The overall level of crude fat content was low,with an average content of 18.1%.The order of average value was:Foreign>Northern>Huang-Huai-Hai region>Southern,and the genetic variation coefficient from large to small:Foreign>Huang-Huai-Hai region>Northern>Southern.The degree of genetic variation of foreign soybean germplasm quality traits was more abundant than that of Chinese soybean germplasm.The variance analysis showed that the crude protein and crude fat contents of soybean germplasm in foreign countries,Huang-Huai-Hai region,northern and southern China were significantly different.The maximum frequency of crude protein content ranged from 43.01%to 44.00%,and the maximum frequency of crude fat content ranged from 17.01%to 18.00%.The mean crude protein content was in the maximum frequency range,while the mean crude fat content was slightly higher than the maximum frequency range.According to the distribution characteristics of crude protein and crude fat content of soybean germplasm from different sources,nine excellent germplasm with crude protein content above 48%and eleven excellent germplasm with crude fat content above 21.5%were screened out,among which,Saikai 20 crude prote

关 键 词：大豆 种质资源 粗蛋白质含量 粗脂肪含量 筛选 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]