广州南沙番石榴枯萎病的病原菌  

Pathogen of guava wilt occurred in Nansha district of Guangzhou,Southern China

作　　者：张芙蓉 曾敬 张守梅 卓侃[1] 习平根[1] 姜子德[1] 李敏慧[1] ZHANG Furong;ZENG Jing;ZHANG Shoumei;ZHUO Kan;XI Pinggen;JIANG Zide;LI Minhui(Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control,College of Plant Protection,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学植物保护学院广东省微生物信号与作物病害防控重点实验室,广东广州510642 [2]广州市南沙区万顷沙镇农业综合服务中心,广东广州511462

出　　处：《菌物学报》2022年第8期1165-1173,共9页Mycosystema

基　　金：广东省重点领域研发计划项目(2018B020205003)。

摘　　要：近年来,以枝条萎蔫、枝干干枯直至整株枯死为典型症状的番石榴枯萎病在广州南沙区严重发生。为明确该病害的病因,我们进行了病害调查、标本采集、病原菌分离和致病性测定;通过病原菌的显微形态比较和基于多基因系统发育分析,鉴定了病原菌种类;通过对寄主不同部位接种,测定了病原菌对寄主根、茎干和果的侵染能力。结果表明,引起广州南沙番石榴枯萎病的病原菌为番石榴纳氏霉Nalanthamala psidii,该菌不仅能从有伤的枝条侵染造成整株枯死,还能从根部侵染,使植株生长明显减缓,最终造成植株枯死,此外还可以侵染果实造成腐烂症状。本研究明确了广州南沙发生的番石榴枯萎病与中国台湾、马来西亚和南非报道的番石榴立枯病是一种病害,均是由番石榴纳氏霉侵染引起,为该病害的侵染特性及防控技术研究提供理论依据。In recent years,guava wilt,with the typical symptoms of withered branch,necrotic trunk and whole plant dead,has been seriously occurred in Nansha district of Guangzhou.To clarify the cause of the disease,infectivity investigation,specimen collection,pathogen isolation,and pathogenicity test were carried out.Comparative morphology observation and phylogenetic analysis based on multiple gene sequences revealed that the pathogen of guava wilt occurred in Nansha district of Guangzhou was Nalanthamala psidii.Pathogenicity tests on different parts of the host showed that the pathogen not only could invade the host from injured branches,but also from the roots,causing slow-growth of the plant,withered branch and eventual whole plant death.The pathogen could also infect the fruits and cause fruit necrosis.This study confirmed that the guava wilt in Nansha district of Guangzhou was same with rapid death syndrome of guava reported in Taiwan Island of China,Malaysia and South Africa,which were caused by Na.psidii.This study provides a basis for further research of infection characteristics and efficient control of guava wilt.

关 键 词：番石榴 枯萎病 番石榴纳氏霉 侵染特性 

分 类 号：S436.65[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]