粉红聚端孢侵染新红星苹果的侵入途径与侵染时期  

Infection route and period of Trichothecium roseum on Starkrimson Delicious apple

作　　者：任艺华 戴蓬博 张荣[1] 梁晓飞[1] 朱明旗[1] 韩立新 孙广宇[1] REN Yihua;DAI Pengbo;ZHANG Rong;LIANG Xiaofei;ZHU Mingqi;HAN Lixin;SUN Guangyu(College of Plant Protection,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China;College of Plant Protection,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,Hebei,China;Agricultural Science Institute of Sanmenxia,Sanmenxia 472000,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学植物保护学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]河北农业大学植物保护学院,河北保定071000 [3]河南省三门峡市农业科学研究院,河南三门峡472000

出　　处：《菌物学报》2022年第8期1227-1233,共7页Mycosystema

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31972220);国家苹果产业技术体系(CARS-27);国家重点研发计划(2019YFD1002002)。

摘　　要：粉红聚端孢Trichotheciumroseum引致的苹果霉心病发生严重。对于新红星品种,T.roseum的侵染过程尚未明确。本研究利用T.roseum荧光标记菌株TR45分析其在新红星品种上的侵染时期和侵入通道。发现T.roseum可以侵染花器组织,引起枯萎坏死;落花后10–15 d,受侵染的花器残体被萼片包裹于萼筒内,随后T.roseum从离生花柱合并处的孔口部位入侵进入合生花柱,沿花柱内的多细胞毛状体间扩展;花后30 d左右,花柱缝逐渐开裂,随果实膨大心室腔壁也开裂,逐渐形成一条贯通萼筒与心室开放通道——萼窦;花后60d左右,T.roseum的菌丝沿着萼窦扩展进入心室腔,从心室上的裂缝进入果肉组织,最终引起果实霉心。本研究结果有助于解析新红星苹果品种发病重以及难防治的原因,对苹果霉心病防控新策略构建具有重要理论意义。Apple moldy core caused by Trichothecium roseum is a severe disease.The infection route of T.roseum on Starkrimson Delicious cultivar is unclear.This research traced the pathogen colonization process of T.roseum on flower and fruit tissues of Starkrimson Delicious apple using a fluorescence labeling strain TR45.At the flowering period,the pathogen can colonize flower tissues,and cause necrosis and wilt symptom.In 10 to 15 days after flower fall,most infected flower residues accumulated within calyx tube.The pathogen mycelia infected into united style through stylar fissures,and then spread toward basal style along pluricellular hairs.In 30 days or so after flower fall,an opening sinus formed which connected calyx tube and carpel cavity.In 60days or so after flower fall,hyphae spread into the carpel cavity along the opening sinus,and colonized fruit tissues through cracks on the carpel wall,causing fruit rot.The results reveal the reasons underlying the high incidence of moldy core disease on Starkrimson Delicious apple,and provide implication for developing new disease control strategy against apple moldy core disease.

关 键 词：霉心病 心腐病 侵染途径 链格孢 毒素 果实病害 萼窦 

分 类 号：S436.611.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]