黑果枸杞不同组织内生真菌群落组成及生态功能分析  

Community composition and ecological function of endophytic fungi in different tissues of Lycium ruthenicum

作　　者：顾美英[1,3] 张志东 唐光木[2,3] 古丽尼沙·沙依木 张丽娟[1] 朱静 唐琦勇[1] 楚敏[1] 艾尼江·尔斯满[1] 欧提库尔·玛合木提 徐万里[2,3] GU Meiying;ZHANG Zhidong;TANG Guangmu;GULINISHA Shayimu;ZHANG Lijuan;ZHU Jing;TANG Qiyong;CHU Min;GHENIJAN Osman;OUTIKUER Mahmut;XU Wanli(Xinjiang Laboratory of Special Environmental Microbiology,Institute of Microbiology,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,Xinjiang,China;Institute of Soil Fertilizer and Agricultural Water Conservation,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,Xinjiang,China;Key Laboratory of Saline-alkali Soil Improvement and Utilization(Saline-alkali Land in Arid and Semi-arid Regions),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Urumqi 830091,Xinjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业科学院微生物应用研究所新疆特殊环境微生物实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830091 [2]新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830091 [3]农业农村部盐碱土改良与利用(干旱半干旱区盐碱地)重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《菌物学报》2022年第8期1254-1267,共14页Mycosystema

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFD1900802);新疆农业科学院自主培育项目团队建设专项(nkyzztd-001);新疆农业科学院科技创新重点培育专项(xjkcpy-2022004)。

摘　　要：探究了新疆盐生植物黑果枸杞不同组织中内生真菌群落的组成及多样性,为深入研究盐碱、干旱等环境下内生真菌与宿主的互作机制,筛选和开发促生、防病和抗逆等功能的有益内生真菌资源提供科学依据。利用ITS高通量测序技术比较黑果枸杞不同组织真菌群落组成及差异,并采用FUNGuild数据库预测真菌群落生态功能。测序共获得高质量内生真菌序列354058条,涉及291个OTUs,分属于9门、19纲、34目、50科、60属。α多样性指数分析表明,根、果中真菌群落多样性和丰富度程度较高,叶居中,花的多样性最低,茎的丰富度最低。对黑果枸杞内生真菌群落组成和优势菌群的分析表明,子囊菌门为优势菌门,花、叶、果、茎和根中相对丰度分别为86.85%、72.36%、75.97%、84.44%和85.02%。链格孢属为黑果枸杞植株中的核心属,不同组织中均有分布,在花、叶、果、茎和根中占比分别为85.41%、69.79%、47.07%、79.94%和36.97%。较优势的菌尚有枝孢属、枝顶孢属、新凸轮孢菌属、茎点霉属和楔孢黑粉菌属等真菌。这些菌多具有促生、抗逆等特性,在宿主对盐碱、干旱等极端环境的适应性方面有着潜在功能。各组织独有属的相对丰度均未超过1%。共有菌和独有菌在不同组织中的组成和相对丰度差异较大。经FUNGuild软件平台解析显示,黑果枸杞中病理-腐生-共生营养型的相对丰度最高,在花、叶、果、茎和根中分别为85.41%、69.84%、47.24%、79.98%和37.09%。果和叶中含多种相对丰度≥1%的条件致病菌,而根中腐生真菌种类较多。黑果枸杞中蕴含着功能丰富的内生真菌菌群,在不同组织中的组成及其生态功能差异较大,同时还含有大量未鉴定出种属和未定义的功能菌群,这些可为黑果枸杞功能菌群发掘提供数据参考。The distribution and diversity of endophytic fungi in different tissues of Lycium ruthenicum in Xinjiang were analyzed for providing scientific basis of exploring the interaction mechanism between endophytic fungi and their hosts under saline-alkali and drought conditions,and for screening and developing beneficial microbial resources for growth promotion,disease prevention and stress resistance of the host.Community composition and difference of endophytic fungi in different tissues of Lycium ruthenicum were compared by ITS high-throughput sequencing technology,and ecological functions of the fungal community were predicted by FunGuild database.In total,354058 high-quality endophytic fungal sequences were obtained,involving 291 OTUs,belonging to 9 phyla,19 classes,34 orders,50 families and 60 genera.The analysis of alpha diversity index showed that diversity and richness of the fungal community in roots and fruits were comparatively high,while that in leaves moderate.The fungal diversity in flowers was the lowest,and the richness in stems was the lowest.Ascomycetes were dominant,and their relative abundances in flowers,leaves,fruits,stems and roots were 86.85%,72.36%,75.97%,84.44%and 85.02%,respectively.Alternaria was predominant,distributing in different tissues including flowers,leaves,fruits,stems and roots,and accounting for 85.41%,69.79%,47.07%,79.94%and 36.97%,respectively.Other comparatively dominant fungi were Cladosporium,Acremonium,Neocamarosporium,Phoma,and Thecaphora.The relative abundance of the tissue-specific genera in each tissue was less than 1%.Many endophytic fungi had the functions of promoting growth and strengthening stress resistance of the host against extreme environments such as saline-alkali and drought.The composition and relative abundance of common and specific fungi in different tissues were quite different.FUNGuild software platform analysis showed that the relative abundance of pathotroph-saprotroph-symbiotroph fungi was the highest,accounting for 85.41%,69.84%,47.24%,79.98%and 3

关 键 词：植物内生真菌 生态位 群落多样性 ITS rDNA FUNGuild 

分 类 号：S567.19[农业科学—中草药栽培] Q949.32[农业科学—作物学]