天津大神堂牡蛎礁保护区海域海水水质变化趋势分析与评价  

Trend analysis and assessment of water quality for Dashentang Oyster Reef Marine Special Reserve in Tianjin

作　　者：徐冠球 谭晓璇 屠建波[1] 石海明[1] 何荣 刘洋[1] Guan-qiu XU;Xiao-xuan TAN;Jian-bo TU;Hai-ming SHI;Rong HE;Yang LIU(Tianjin Marine Environment Monitoring Central Station,State Oceanic Administration,Tianjin 300457,China;Oceanic Consulting Center of Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100071,China)

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局天津海洋环境监测中心站,天津300457 [2]自然资源部海洋咨询中心,北京100071

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2022年第4期554-562,共9页Marine Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点研发专项(2019YFC1407801);天津重点研发计划科技支撑重点项目(19YFZCSN01130);天津市规划和自然资源局科技项目(ML2019-HP-F161)。

摘　　要：本文根据2015-2020年6个航次的调查数据,对天津大神堂牡蛎礁海域海水温度、盐度、透明度、pH、溶解氧(DO)、溶解无机氮(DIN)、溶解无机磷(DIP)、化学需氧量(COD)、油类、重金属、悬浮物(SS)和叶绿素a(Chl a)共18项水质指标进行分析,并通过营养状态指数(E)、营养状态质量指数(NQI)和综合污染指数(P)对牡蛎礁保护区海域的海水状况进行综合分析与评价。研究结果显示:大神堂牡蛎礁海域的主要超标因子,按贡献率从高到低依次为DIN、DIP、COD、油类和DO;不同年份海水受污染程度和主要污染物水平存在极显著的年度差异(P<0.001);调查期间,海水N/P出现较大变化,由基本不存在氮、磷营养盐结构限制转变为明显的磷限制;海域Chl a和初级生产力总体保持稳定。Based on the 6 investigation data of the Dashentang Oyster Reef Marine Special Reserve from 2015to 2020, we analyzed 18 basic water quality indices, including water temperature, salinity, transparency, pH,dissolved oxygen(DO), dissolved inorganic nitrogen(DIN), dissolved inorganic phosphorus(DIP), chemical oxygen demand(COD), oil, heavy metal content, suspended solids and chlorophyll a(Chl a), in addition to the evaluation of the eutrophication index(E), nutrient quality index(NQI) and Nemerow pollution index(P), in order to evaluate the quality of the oyster reef environment in this region. The results showed that the major exceeding standard factors were DIN, DIP, COD, oil and DO according to contribution rate from high to low.The degree of contamination and the main pollutants in seawater showed highly significant annual difference(P<0.001). The N/P ratio of seawater greatly changed from no nitrogen and phosphorus structure limitation to obvious phosphorus limitation. Chl a and primary productivity remained basically stable in this sea area.

关 键 词：天津海域 营养盐 海水水质评价 牡蛎礁 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]