新型分布式驱动液氢燃料电池重型商用车设计、分析与验证  

Design, Analysis and Validation of Novel Distributed Drive Liquid Hydrogen Fuel Cell Heavy Commercial Vehicles

作　　者：李航[1] 胡尊严 胡家毅 董家臣 李建秋[1] 徐梁飞[1] 欧阳明高[1] 卜玉[2] 王力军 秦志东 Li Hang;Hu Zunyan;Hu Jiayi;Dong Jiachen;Li Jianqiu;Xu Liangfei;Ouyang Minggao;Bu Yu;Wang Lijun;Qin Zhidong(School of Vehicle and Mobility,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084;Beijing Institute of Aerospace Testing Technology,Beijing 100068;FOTON,Beijing 102206)

机构地区：[1]清华大学车辆与运载学院,北京100084 [2]北京航天试验技术研究所,北京100068 [3]北汽福田汽车股份有限公司,北京102206

出　　处：《汽车工程》2022年第8期1183-1198,1250,共17页Automotive Engineering

基　　金：科技部重点研发计划(2018YFB0105600);北京市科学技术委员会项目(Z181100004518006);国家自然科学基金(52002210,52022050);中国科协青年人才托举(2021QNRC001)资助。

摘　　要：根据重型商用车动力系统高性能、长续航里程、低成本的开发需求,本文提出了分布式驱动液氢燃料电池重型商用车技术方案,探索性地应用了大功率燃料电池系统、大容量车载液氢储供系统和分布式电动轮驱动系统等多项创新技术。基于燃料电池系统设计与匹配技术,开发了国内首套上公告的百千瓦级燃料电池系统(109 kW);.基于车载液氢储罐设计、液氢汽化器设计和车载液氢BOG处理与全系统安全监控等关键技术突破,研制了国内首套车载大容量液氢储供系统(60 kg/110 kg);基于轮毂电机磁热设计、构型设计和集成设计创新,研制了适用于重型车辆双胎并装车轮的电动轮,所开发的电动轮单轮峰值转矩16000 N·m,短时峰值转矩超过18000 N·m,电动轮峰值转矩密度可达60 N·m/kg。基于上述关键部件技术,完成了全球首辆分布式驱动液氢燃料电池重型商用车开发,设计续驶里程超过1000 km,所研制的35 t级与49 t级重型商用车分别进行了道路试验,验证了液氢储氢、动力系统与分布式电驱动系统的技术可行性,为重型商用车的电动化探索了可行的方向。According to the development requirements of high performance,long driving range and low cost for the powertrain of heavy commercial vehicles,a technical scheme for the distributed drive heavy commercial vehicles with liquid hydrogen fuel cell is proposed in this paper. In the scheme,many innovative technologies are applied,including high-power fuel cell system,large-capacity onboard liquid-hydrogen storage and supply system and distributed electric wheel drive system. Based on the design and matching techniques of fuel cell system,the first domestically publicized hundred-kilowatt-level fuel cell system(109 kW)is developed. Based on the breakthrough of key technologies such as onboard liquid hydrogen tank design,liquid hydrogen carburetor design and onboard liquid hydrogen BOG treatment and full system safety monitoring,the domestically first set on-board large-capacity liquid hydrogen storage and supply system(60 kg/110 kg)is developed. Based on the innovations in the magneto-thermal design,configuration design and integrated design of hub-motors,the electric wheels suitable for the double-tire assembled wheel for heavy vehicles are developed with a peak torque of single electric wheel of 16 000 N·m,a short-term peak torque of 18 000 N·m and a peak torque density of 60 N·m/kg. Based on the key technologies of components mentioned above,the world′s first distributed drive liquid hydrogen fuel cell heavy commercial vehicle is developed,with a designed driving range of more than 1 000 km. The road tests on the 35 t and 49 t heavy commercial vehicle developed are carried out to verify the technical feasibility of liquid hydrogen storage,powertrain and distributed electric drive system,exploring the feasible direction of the electrification of heavy commercial vehicles.

关 键 词：重型商用车 液氢燃料电池 分布式驱动 新能源商用车 

分 类 号：U469.7[机械工程—车辆工程]