光照强度对四川白兔同期发情和繁殖性能的影响  

Effect of light intensity on estrus synchronization and reproduction performance of Sichuan white rabbit

作　　者：李丛艳[1] 李钰莹 郑洁[1] 梅秀丽[1] 李勤 邝良德[1] 郭志强[1] 谢晓红[1] 雷岷[1] LI Congyan;LI Yuying;ZHENG Jie;MEI Xiuli;LI Qin;KUANG Liangde;GUO Zhiqiang;XIE Xiaohong;LEI Min(Sichuan Academy of Animal Sciences/Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Genetics,Chengdu 610066,China;Guanyuan City Agricultural and Rural Affairs Bureau,Guangyuan 628000,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省畜牧科学研究院/动物遗传育种四川省重点实验室,四川成都610066 [2]广元市农业农村局,四川广元628000

出　　处：《畜牧与兽医》2022年第8期40-44,共5页Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：四川省公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(SASA202108);四川省“十四五”畜禽育种攻关项目(2021YFYZ0033);四川省财政运行专项(SASA2020CZYX004)。

摘　　要：旨在探讨光照强度对四川白兔同期发情和繁殖性能的影响,明确周期化繁殖模式下四川白兔适宜的光照强度。试验选择同期出生的4月龄四川白兔后备母兔120只,随机分为3组,每组40只。采用42 d周期化繁殖模式,在相同光照方案条件下分别给予50 lx、70 lx和90 lx的光照强度,通过观察母兔外阴颜色变化判定同期发情效果,并测定其繁殖性能。试验连续测定2个繁殖周期。结果显示,不同光照强度下母兔的发情率和受胎率、产仔数、产活仔数、出生窝重、21日龄窝重、断奶个体重、断奶成活率等繁殖性能均无显著差异(P>0.05),但发情母兔外阴颜色组间差异显著(P<0.05),其中50 lx条件下,母兔外阴颜色表现为最适宜配种的大红色的比例达80.82%,显著高于70 lx的56.00%和90 lx的33.33%(P<0.05),且在整个试验期总计提供的断奶仔兔总数最多。以上结果表明,在周期化繁殖模式下,四川白兔最适宜的光照强度为50 lx。This trial was to identify the effect of light intensity on estrus synchronization and reproductive performance of Sichuan white rab⁃bit so as to determine an appropriate light intensity.A total of 120 Sichuan white rabbits of 4 months old were obtained and randomly assigned to 3 groups(40 rabbits in each group)submitted to a 42-day reproductive regimen.The groups of rabbits were given 50 lx,70 lx and 90 lx light intensities,respectively,under the same light cycle.Then,the effect of oestrus synchronization of the rabbits was evaluated by observ⁃ing their vulva color and reproduction data for two consecutive reproductive cycles.The results showed that light intensity had no effect on the estrus rate,conception rate,total litter size,litter size alive,litter weight at birht,litter weight at 21 days,kit weight at weaning,and mor⁃tality at weaning of the rabbits(P>0.05).However,it was interesting that light intensity had a significant influence on the vulva color of the rabbits(P<0.05),and the red colored vulvas are regarded to correspond to maximal receptivity in does.Under 50 lx light intensity,80.82%of the does presented red colored vulva which was significantly higher than 56.00%of the does under 70 lx and 33.33%under 90 lx(P<0.05),and the does under this light intensity produced the greatest total number of weaned rabbits.It might be concluded that 50 lx was the optimal light intensity for Sichuan white rabbit under the periodic breeding model.

关 键 词：四川白兔 光照强度 同期发情 繁殖性能 

分 类 号：S829.1[农业科学—畜牧学]