斐济民族国家构建中的民族因素与治理  

Ethnic Factors and Their Governance in Fiji’s Nation-State Building

作　　者：赵少峰[1] 程振宇 Shaofeng Zhao;Zhenyu Cheng

机构地区：[1]聊城大学太平洋岛国研究中心,聊城252059

出　　处：《世界民族》2022年第4期15-25,共11页Journal of World Peoples Studies

基　　金：山东省高等学校青创人才引育计划建设团队(聊城大学太平洋岛国研究团队)的研究成果;教育部国别和区域研究专项“美国在南太平洋地区的军事部署研究”(编号2020-G28)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：斐济是一个多民族国家,土著斐济人和印度裔斐济人的关系成为影响斐济民族国家构建和发展的重要因素。1987—2006年间,斐济发生了四次政变。动荡的20年不仅阻碍了斐济的现代化进程,而且族际关系紧张的局面一直延续下来。经过长期磨合,斐济两大民族基本形成分别掌握政治权力和经济权力的格局,族际利益冲突可以通过妥协性谈判来化解,但是不能出现政治权力的转移。域外大国通过外交、援助等方式的介入,导致族际关系的复杂化。政府层面的民族整合、强化国家认同、实行合理的民族分权、政治和解,是斐济实现政治稳定的重要途径。Fiji is a multi-ethnic country with the relationship between indigenous Fijians and Indian Fijians becoming an important factor affecting the construction and development of the Fiji nation-state. Between 1987 and 2006, there were four coups in Fiji. The two turbulent decades had not only stymied Fiji’s modernization process, but also perpetuated ethnic tensions. After a long period of mutual adaptation, the two major ethnic groups in Fiji have basically formed a pattern of holding political and economic powers respectively, under which conflicts of interests between them can be resolved through compromise negotiations, but political power transfer is not possible. The intervention of major countries outside the region through diplomacy and aid has complicated inter-ethnic relations. Ethnic integration at the government level, strengthening national identity, and implementing rational power sharing and political reconciliation between ethnic groups are important ways to achieve political stability in Fiji.

关 键 词：斐济 军事政变 民族因素 族际关系 

分 类 号：D766.1[政治法律—政治学] D562[政治法律—中外政治制度]