冬小麦品种(系)品质相关基因的分子标记检测  

Molecular Detection of Quality-Related Genes in Chinese Winter Wheat Cultivars

作　　者：昝香存[1] 常莹莹 韩留鹏 高崇[1] 赵明忠[1] 董海滨[1] 齐学礼[1] 王永霞[1] 胡琳[1] ZAN Xiangcun;CHANG Yingying;HAN Liupeng;GAO Chong;ZHAO Mingzhong;DONG Haibin;QI Xueli;WANG Yongxia;HU Lin(Institute of Crop Molecular Breeding,Henan Academy of Agricultural Science/Key Laboratory for Wheat Biology of Henan Province/Key Laboratory of Wheat Germplasm Resources Innovation and Improvement in Henan Province,Zhengzhou,Henan 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院作物分子育种研究院/河南省小麦生物学重点实验室/河南省麦类种质资源创新与改良重点实验室,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2022年第8期915-925,共11页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：河南省重大科技专项(201300110800);国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-03);河南省科技攻关项目(212102110247、202102110150);河南省农业科学院优秀青年基金项目(2020YQ39)。

摘　　要：为了解10年来中国冬小麦育成品种(系)的面筋强度、黄色素含量、多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性以及1BL·1RS易位相关基因的分布情况,利用Dx5、By8、YP7A、PPO18和H2O特异性功能标记对266份冬小麦品种(系)进行检测。结果表明,面筋强度相关基因Dx5和By8的分布频率分别为32.0%和28.9%,PPO活性相关基因Ppo-A1a和PPo-A1b的分布频率分别为54.1%和45.9%,黄色素含量相关基因Psy-A1a和Psy-A1b的分布频率分别为76.3%和23.7%,1BL·1RS易位基因型的分布频率为45.9%。不同省份之间品质相关基因分布差异较大,1BL·1RS易位在江苏、河南和陕西品种(系)中出现的频率较高,分别为81.3%、57.2%和35.7%,而在河北、山东和北京品种(系)中出现的频率较低,分别为15.0%、8.7%和8.3%;Dx5和By8在河北、山东品种中出现的频率较高,分别为60.9%、65.2%和45.0%、45.0%;Ppo-A1b和Pys-A1a在山东、北京、河北品种(系)中出现的频率较高,分别为95.7%、83.3%、75.0%和100.0%、83.3%、80.0%。筛选到Psy-A1b/PPo-A1b/Dx5/By8和Psy-A1a/PPo-A1b/Dx5/By8基因聚合且不含1BL·1RS易位的品种(系)分别有2和23份,可作为优质面条小麦育种的亲本材料;筛选到Psy-A1b/PPo-A1b/Dx5基因聚合且为1BL·1RS易位的品种(系)12份,可用于1BL·1RS易位系品质改良的研究。In order to understand the genes distribution related to gluten strength,yellow pigment content,polyphenol oxidase(PPO)activity and 1BL·1RS translocation in Chinese winter wheat cultivars(lines)in the last decade.The allelic variations of Dx5,By8,Psy-A1,Ppo-A1 and 1BL·1RS were detected by using the functional markers.The results showed that the distribution frequencies of Dx5 and By8 related to gluten strength were 32.0%and 28.9%;The distribution frequencies of Ppo-A1a and Ppo-A1b related to PPO activity were 54.1%and 45.9%,and the frequencies of Psy-A1a and Psy-A1b related to yellow pigment content were 76.3%and 23.7%,respectively.The 1BL·1RS translocation lines accounted for 45.9%of the tested materials.The distribution of quality-related genotypes in different provinces was significantly different.The occurrence frequencies of 1BL·1RS translocation in Jiangsu,Henan and Shaanxi cultivars(lines)was 81.3%,57.2%and 35.7%,respectively,while the occurrence frequencies of 1BL·1RS in Hebei,Shandong and Beijing cultivars(lines)was 15.0%,8.7%and 8.3%,respectively.The frequencies of Dx5 and By8 in Hebei and Shandong cultivars(lines)were higher than that of other provinces.In Hebei and Shandong cultivars(lines),the frequencies of Dx5 is 60.9%and 45.0%,respectively,and the frequencies of By8 is 65.2%and 45.0%,respectively.The frequencies of Ppo-A1b,Psy-A1a were higher in Shandong,Beijing and Hebei cultivars(lines),and were 95.7%,83.3%,75.0%and 100.0%,83.3%and 80.0%,respectively.There were two non-1BL·1RS translocation lines with Psy-A1b/Ppo-A1b/Dx5/By8,and 23 non-1BL/1RS translocation lines with Psy-A1a/Ppo-A1b/Dx5/By8,which could be used as the parents in high quality noodle wheat breeding.The selected 121BL·1RS translocation lines with Psy-A1b/Ppo-A1b/Dx5 can be used as research materials to improve the quality of 1BL·1RS translocation lines.

关 键 词：冬小麦 黄色素含量 多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性 1BL·1RS易位 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S330