巴黎市域快线运营补贴经验分析与启示  

Analysis and Revelation of Operating Subsidy Method for Regional Expressed Railway

作　　者：滕靖[1,2,3] 吴桐 杨阳[4] 李华 TENG Jing;WU Tong;YANG Yang;LI Hua(College of Transportation Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804,China;Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Research Center for Multi-network&Multi-modal Rail Transit,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804,China;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rail Infrastructure Durability and System Safety,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804,China;Passenger Transport Department,China Railway Shanghai Group Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200071,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学交通运输工程学院,上海201804 [2]同济大学上海市多网多模式轨道交通协同创新中心,上海201804 [3]同济大学上海市轨道交通结构耐久与系统安全重点实验室,上海201804 [4]中国铁路上海局集团有限公司客运部,上海200071

出　　处：《铁道运输与经济》2022年第8期29-35,共7页Railway Transport and Economy

基　　金：中国国家铁路集团有限公司科技研究开发计划课题(2021F023)。

摘　　要：市域铁路作为一种城市公共交通方式具有公益性和正外部性,其可持续运营与政府补贴息息相关。着眼我国市域铁路运营补贴的典型问题,以法国巴黎市域快线(RER)为例,对其运营补贴实践经验进行分析。梳理RER相关运营主体和管理机构的职责,明确管理补贴架构。在此基础上,从客票清分收入、运输服务购买费用和服务质量激励奖金3个方面分析政府对RER进行补贴的具体内容和方式。结合RER运营补贴经验,从健全国内市域铁路补贴机制出发,提出面向多运营主体建立公平促合的监督补贴机制、创新市域铁路网运分离的运营管理模式、按运输产品特性细化补贴用途、建立与运营服务质量评价挂钩的奖惩机制等建议,为我国市域铁路运营补贴优化提供参考。As an urban public transport mode,suburban railways involve public welfare and positive externalities,and their sustainable operation is closely related to government subsidies.Based on the typical issues in Chinese suburban railway operating subsidies,this paper took the Réseau Express Régional(RER)in?le-de-France as an example to analyze its practical experience in operating subsidies.Furthermore,the paper introduced the responsibilities of RER-related operating entities and management agencies and clarified the management subsidy structure.On this basis,the method and content of government subsidies for PER were analyzed in terms of clearing revenue for passenger tickets,purchase fees for transportation services,and incentive bonus for service quality.In addition,according to the experience of RER operating subsidies,this paper proposed suggestions for improving the subsidy mechanism in China suburban railways,such as establishing a fair and cooperative supervision and subsidy mechanism for multiple operating entities,adopting the mode of separation between network and operation,refining the use of subsidies according to the characteristics of transportation products,and establishing a reward and punishment mechanism linked to the quality evaluation of operation service.As a result,these suggestions can provide a reference for improving the operating subsidies for China suburban railways.

关 键 词：市域铁路 巴黎大区 运营补贴模式 政府购买公共服务 票款清分 

分 类 号：U293.5[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]