中青年住院慢性肾脏病患者共病模式分析  

Analysis of multimorbidity patterns among young and middle-aged inpatients with chronic kidney diseases

作　　者：王静[1] 张灿[2] 田瑞杰[1] Wang Jing;Zhang Can;Tian Ruijie(First Department of Nephrology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450052,China;Third Ward of Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery/Lung Transplantation,the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450052,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学第一附属医院肾脏内一科,郑州450052 [2]郑州大学第一附属医院胃肠外科三病区/肺移植,郑州450052

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2022年第23期3117-3122,共6页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

摘　　要：目的探讨中青年住院慢性肾脏病(CKD)患者共病模式及特征,为慢性病的共病一、二级预防提供依据。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2020年5月—2021年8月在郑州大学第一附属医院肾病内科住院的947例中青年CKD患者为研究对象,收集患者基本资料、15种慢性疾病共病资料,对中青年CKD患者共病数量、模式及特征进行分析。结果中青年发生CKD共病的前6名分别为血脂异常、慢性胃肠疾病、慢性颈/腰椎病、高尿酸血症或痛风、肥胖、代谢综合征,其中血脂异常、慢性胃肠疾病、慢性颈/腰椎病共病比例均超过50%。共病数量为(2.94±1.03)种,2种占44.88%(425/947)、3种占35.69%(338/947)、4种占11.72%(111/947),4种以上占7.71%(73/947)。中青年CKD中血脂异常、慢性胃肠疾病、慢性颈/腰椎病共病患者年龄多为35~50岁,高尿酸血症或痛风、肥胖、代谢综合征共病患者年龄多为50~65岁,不同年龄段共病比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);男性共患代谢综合征比例高于女性,继发性肾小球肾炎共患高尿酸血症、肥胖、代谢综合征比例高于原发性肾小球肾炎,吸烟患者共患慢性胃肠疾病、肥胖、代谢综合征比例高于不吸烟患者,经常饮酒患者共患血脂异常、慢性胃肠疾病、高尿酸血症或痛风比例高于偶尔或从不饮酒患者,经常锻炼患者共患血脂异常、慢性颈/腰椎病、肥胖、代谢综合征比例低于偶尔或从不锻炼患者,久坐患者共患血脂异常、慢性颈/腰椎病、高尿酸血症或痛风、肥胖、代谢综合征比例高于非久坐患者,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论中青年CKD患者共病数量以2种或3种共病多见,共病模式以代谢性疾病、慢性颈/腰椎病和慢性胃肠疾病共病为主,个体化早期教育,使患者养成科学、健康生活习惯十分必要。Objective To explore the multimorbidity patterns and characteristics of young and middle-aged hospitalized patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD)and provide evidence for the primary and secondary prevention of chronic multimorbidities.Methods A total of 947 middle-aged and young CKD patients hospitalized in the Nephrology Department of The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from May 2020 to August 2021 were selected by the convenient sampling method.The basic data of the patients and 15 kinds of chronic multimorbidity data were collected.The number,pattern and characteristics of multimorbidity of the middle-aged and young CKD patients were analyzed.Results The top 6 multimorbidities of CKD in young and middle-aged people were dyslipidemia,chronic gastrointestinal disease,chronic cervical/lumbar disease,hyperuricemia or gout,obesity and metabolic syndrome.Among which,dyslipidemia,chronic gastrointestinal disease and chronic cervical/lumbar disease were all more than 50%.The number of multimorbidities was(2.94±1.03),2 kinds accounted for 44.88%(425/947),3 kinds accounted for 35.69%(338/947),4 kinds accounted for 11.72%(111/947),and more than 4 kinds accounted for 7.71%(73/947).Young and middle-aged CKD patients with dyslipidemia,chronic gastrointestinal diseases,and chronic cervical/lumbar spondylosis were mostly 35-50 years old,and those with hyperuricemia or gout,obesity,and metabolic syndrome were mostly 50-65 years old.There was a statistically significant difference in multimorbidities in different age groups(P<0.05).The multimorbidity rate of metabolic syndrome in males was higher than that in females,the multimorbidity rate of hyperuricemia,obesity and metabolic syndrome in secondary glomerulonephritis was higher than that in primary glomerulonephritis and the multimorbidity rate of chronic gastrointestinal diseases,obesity and metabolic syndrome in smokers was higher than that in non-smokers.The proportion of patients with frequent alcohol consumption,multimorbidity rate of dyslipidemia,c

关 键 词：慢性病 慢性肾脏病 中青年 共病模式 

分 类 号：R692[医药卫生—泌尿科学]