阻尼聚氨酯材料改性进展  

Modification Progress of Damping Polyurethane

作　　者：王希 董全霄 程冠之 栗少清 谢永江 WANG Xi;DONG Quanxiao;CHENG Guanzhi;LI Shaoqing;XIE Yongjiang(China and Railway Engineering Research Institute,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司,铁道建筑研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《塑料》2022年第4期125-130,共6页Plastics

基　　金：中国铁道科学院基金(2019YJ045)。

摘　　要：阻尼聚氨酯是一类应用广泛的黏弹性阻尼材料。聚氨酯分子链中既有柔顺的软段,又有刚性硬段,形成的微相分离结构使其具有良好的动态力学性能,起到阻尼减震的作用。文章重点介绍了聚氨酯材料常见的几种阻尼改性方法,包括聚氨酯自身组成结构设计、共混改性、互穿网络聚合物(IPN)技术改性等几大方面。综述了近年来阻尼聚氨酯材料的改性进展,最后对阻尼聚氨酯材料的应用发展方向进行展望。Damped polyurethane is a kind of viscoelastic damping material which is widely used. There are both soft and rigid segments in the molecular chains of polyurethane, and the microphase separation structure formed makes it have good dynamic mechanical properties and plays a role in damping and shock absorption. The article focuses on several common damping modification methods of polyurethane materials, including the structure design of polyurethane, blending modification, IPN technology modification and so on. The modification progress of damped polyurethane materials in recent years is reviewed, and finally the application and development of damped polyurethane materials are prospected.

关 键 词：聚氨酯 阻尼 材料设计 改性 研究进展 

分 类 号：TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]