高风险科室医务人员接种季节性流感疫苗犹豫现状及接种意愿影响因素分析  

Current status of hesitation for vaccination of seasonal influenza vaccine among health care workers of high risk departments and influencing factors for vaccination willingness

作　　者：王莹丽 蒋艳[1] 郭丽萍 王业明[2] 朱瑞芳[1,2] 王振虎 曹彬 WANG Ying-li;JIANG Yan;GUO Li-ping;Wang Ye-ming;ZHU Rui-fang;WANG Zhen-hu;CAO Bin(School of Management,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]北京中医药大学管理学院,北京100029 [2]中日友好医院感染管理办公室,北京100029

出　　处：《中华医院感染学杂志》2022年第2期290-294,共5页Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology

基　　金：国家重大科研基金资助项目(2017ZX10204401004)。

摘　　要：目的 调查高风险科室医务人员对2019-2020年季节性流感疫苗犹豫接种现状,并分析影响接种意愿因素。方法 于2019年10月30日-11月6日,采用方便抽样法选取北京市3家三级甲等医院(某国家级三级甲等综合医院、某市级三级甲等综合医院以及某市级三级甲等传染病专科医院)高风险科室医务人员进行流感疫苗接种意愿的问卷调查,采用χ^(2)检验和多元Logistic回归模型进行单因素和多因素分析。结果 本次调查的826名高风险科室医务人员中对2019-2020年季节性流感疫苗犹豫接种的比例为45.04%。多因素Logistic回归分析表明护理人员(OR=0.518,95%CI:0.296~0.906),三年内未接种过流感疫苗(OR=0.086,95%CI:0.038~0.197)、三年内未连续接种流感疫苗(OR=0.333,95%CI:0.141~0.790)以及不认同医务人员应该每年接种流感疫苗(OR=4.457,95%CI:2.808~7.750)更可能对接种流感疫苗产生犹豫。不相信流感疫苗效果,担心有副作用、处于孕期、身体很健康、每年接种太麻烦是犹豫接种的主要原因。结论 高风险科室医务人员犹豫接种比例较高,今后需加强宣传流感风险及疫苗效果认知,克服医务人员流感疫苗接种犹豫,采取针对性地干预措施,更好地促进医务人员为“保护自身、家庭和患者”接种流感疫苗。OBJECTIVE To investigate the current status of hesitation for vaccination of seasonal influenza vaccine among health care workers of high risk departments in 2019-2020 and analyze the influencing factors for the vaccination willingness. METHODS From Oct 30, 2019 to Nov 6, 2019, the health care workers of high risk departments were chosen from 3 three-A tertiary hospitals of Beijing( a national three-A tertiary general hospital, a municipal three-A tertiary general hospital, a municipal three-A tertiary infectious disease specialist hospital) by means of convenient sampling method, a questionnaire survey was conducted for the willingness of vaccination of influenza vaccine. Univariate analysis and multivariate analysis were performed by using chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression model. RESULTS Among 826 health care workers of high risk departments, 45.04% hesitated to vaccinate the seasonable influenza vaccine in 2019-2020. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that nursing staff(OR=0.518,95%CI:0.296~0.906), without vaccination of influenza vaccine in three years(OR=0.086,95%CI:0.038~0.197), without continuous vaccination in three years(OR=0.333,95%CI:0.141~0.790) and not agreeing that health care workers should vaccinate every year(OR=4.457,95%CI:2.808~7.750)were more likely to hesitate to vaccinate. The major causes for the hesitation of vaccination included unconfident about the effect of vaccine, side effect, pregnancy, being in good health and troublesome to vaccinate every year. CONCLUSION The proportion of the health care workers of high risk departments who hesitate to vaccinate is high, it is necessary to strengthen the awareness of influenza risk and vaccine effectiveness, alleviate the hesitation of influenza vaccination of medical staff, and adopt targeted intervention measures to better promote medical staff to vaccinate influenza for protecting themselves, their families and patients.

关 键 词：高风险科室 医务人员 流感疫苗 疫苗犹豫 

分 类 号：R186.3[医药卫生—流行病学]