青海和北京地区不同个例雷暴云电荷结构特征差异的数值模拟分析  

Numerical Analysis of Thundercloud Charge Structures Differenceof Two Thunderstorms in Qinghai and the Beijing Area

作　　者：李江林 余晔[1,2,3] 张彤 昝蓓蕾[1,4] 李亚珺 李万莉[5] LI Jianglin;YU Ye;ZHANG Tong;ZAN Beilei;LI Yajun;LI Wanli(Key Laboratory of Land Surface Process and Climate Change in Cold and Arid Regions,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environmental Resources,Chinese Academy of Science,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China;Pingliang Land Surface Process&SevereWeather Research Station,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Pingliang 744015,Gansu,China;Gansu Land Surface Process&SevereWeather Observation and Research Station,Pingliang 744015,Gansu,China;University of Chinese Academy of Science,Beijing 100049,China;Meteorological Administration Training Center,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院/寒旱区陆面过程与气候变化重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国科学院平凉陆面过程与灾害天气观测研究站,甘肃平凉744015 [3]甘肃省陆面过程与灾害天气野外科学观测研究站,甘肃平凉744015 [4]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [5]中国气象局气象干部培训学院,北京100081

出　　处：《高原气象》2022年第3期814-828,共15页Plateau Meteorology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41805003,41575014);国家重点基础研究973计划项目(2014CB441404);中国科学院“西部之光”人才培养引进计划项目。

摘　　要：利用加入起电、放电参数化方案的数值模式[Weather Research and Forecasting Model(Version 3.7.1),WRF3.7.1_ELEC],分别对发生在青藏高原东北部青海大通地区和华北地区北京西部山区的两次雷暴过程进行模拟研究,对比分析两个不同地区雷暴个例的电荷结构特征差异及原因。结果表明:对发生在两个地区的雷暴个例,模式均能够较好地模拟出雷暴的移动方向、回波强度以及形状的变化特征。对比两个个例不同发展阶段雷暴云电荷结构可以看出,除了在发展旺盛阶段两个地区的雷暴云电荷结构自下而上均为“+-+-”的四层结构,在发展初始阶段和消亡阶段,两个地区雷暴云电荷结构明显不同。造成两个雷暴个例在雷暴云初始和消亡阶段电荷分布差异的主要原因是云中霰粒子混合比和有效液态水含量的差异。Two thunderstorm cases occurred at Datong of Qinghai in the northeastern part of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and western mountain of Beijing area in the North China Plain were simulated using electrification and discharge schemes with WRF3.7.1_ELEC numerical model.The differences of charge structure characteristics and the causes were compared and the analyzed between the two thunderstorms.The results show that the simulated moving direction of two thunderstorms,the intensity of radar reflectivity and the variation of radar reflectivity with time of the two thunderstorms are consistent with the actual situation.Comparing the charge structures of thunderstorm clouds at different development stages of the two cases,it’s clear that the simulated charge structure between the two thunderstorm is relatively consistent with four layers charge of“+-+-”from bottom to top in the mature stage of the two thunderstorms.But at the initial stage and the dying stage of the two thunderstorms,the charge structures of are obviously different between the two thunderstorms.The main reason for the difference of charge distribution between two thunderstorms is the difference of the mixing ratio of graupel particles and the effective liquid water content in the cloud.

关 键 词：青藏高原 华北平原 雷暴云 电荷结构 数值模拟 

分 类 号：P426.5[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]