青海高原型牦牛SCD基因SNP及单倍型与生长性状的关联性分析  

Correlation Analysis of SNP and Haplotypes of SCD Gene with Growth Traits in Qinghai Plateau Yak(Bos grunniens)

作　　者：祁增源 高占红 周建强 韩银仓[2] 刘秀 孙永刚[2] QI Zeng-Yuan;GAO Zhan-Hong;ZHOU Jian-Qiang;HAN Yin-Cang;LIU Xiu;SUN Yong-Gang(Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivore Biotechnology,College of Animal Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Qinghai Academy of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院/甘肃省草食动物生物技术重点实验室,兰州730070 [2]青海省畜牧兽医科学院,西宁810016

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2022年第7期1314-1320,共7页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：青海省科技项目(2019-SF-A3-2;2019-XYCX-3);国家自然科学基金(32060750)。

摘　　要：硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶(stearyl-CoA desaturase,SCD)是牦牛(Bos grunniens)体内单不饱和脂肪酸(monounsaturated fatty acid,MUFA)生物合成的关键酶,对脂质合成和氧化的动态平衡调节过程有着重要的作用。为探索青海高原型牦牛SCD基因多态性及其与生长性状的关联性,通过DNA测序法进行基因的多态性分析,应用连锁不平衡分析和一般线性模型(general linear model,GLM)进行关联性分析。结果表明,SCD基因第3内含子上存在2个SNP(g.6614C>A和g.6660C>T),其中g.6614C>A上存在2种基因型,g.6660C>T上存在3种基因型;χ^(2)检验表明,g.6614C>A处于哈代温伯格(Hardy-Weinberg)平衡状态,g.6660C>T处于不平衡状态,且g.6614C>A为低度多态(PIC<0.25),g.6660C>T为中度多态(0.50>PIC>0.25)。与生长性状关联性分析发现,g.6614C>A位点上CA基因型的体重、体高、体斜长和管围显著高于CC基因型(P<0.05),而胸围与CC基因型差异不显著。g.6660C>T位点上TT基因型个体的体长与CT和CC基因型差异不显著,体重、体高和胸围显著高于CC和CT基因型(P<0.05),管围极显著高于CC基因型(P<0.01)。单倍型和连锁不平衡分析发现2个位点存在4种单倍型,位点间不存在强连锁性(r2=0.027)。组合单倍型分析发现,H1H3为最优组合单倍型。综上,SCD基因多态性与青海高原型牦牛的部分生长性状相关,可作为牦牛分子标记辅助选择的候选基因,本研究为提高牦牛选种效率提供参考。Stearyl-CoA desaturase(SCD)is the key enzyme of monounsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis,which plays an important role in the lipid synthesis and oxidation dynamic balance.To explore the qinghai plateau yak SCD gene polymorphism and its correlation with growth traits,DNA sequencing method was used for gene polymorphism analysis,linkage disequilibrium analysis and the method of general linear model were used for correlation analysis.The results showed that there were 2 SNPs in SCD gene(g.6614C>A and g.6660C>T),there were 2 genotypes in g.6614C>A and 3 genotypes in g.6660C>T.χ^(2) test showed that the g.6614C>A balanced in the Hardy Weinberg lattice state,g.6660C>T was in a state of imbalance.g.6614C>A was low polymorphic(PIC<0.25),and g.6660C>T was moderately polymorphic(0.50>PIC>0.25).And growth character correlation analysis found that the body weight,body height,body oblique length and tube circumference of CA genotype at g.6614C>A locus were significantly higher than those of CC genotype(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in chest circumference between CA genotype and CC genotype.g.6660C>T site of TT genotype individuals had no significant difference with CT and CC genotype,individuals weight,body height and chest circumference of TT genotype were significantly higher than CC and CT genotype(P<0.05),while TT genotype tube circumference was extremely significantly higher than CC genotype(P<0.01).Haplotype and linkage disequilibrium analysis showed that there were 4 haplotypes in the 2 loci,and there was no strong linkage between the 2 loci(r2=0.027).The combined haplotype analysis showed that H1H3haploid type was the optimal combination.In conclusion,SCD gene polymorphism was related to some growth traits of Qinghai plateau yak,which can be used as candidate genes for marker-assisted selection in yaks.This study provides reference for improving yak breeding.

关 键 词：高原型牦牛 硬脂酰辅酶A去饱和酶基因(SCD) DNA测序 生长性状 

分 类 号：S823.85[农业科学—畜牧学]