《后魏孝文帝故希玄寺之碑》及造像的社会背景研究  

On the Xixuan temple stele and its social background

作　　者：侯卫东[1] HOU Weidong

机构地区：[1]河南大学黄河文明与可持续发展研究中心、黄河文明省部共建协同创新中心,河南开封475001

出　　处：《中原文物》2022年第4期120-125,共6页Cultural Relics of Central China

基　　金：河南大学黄河文明与可持续发展研究中心、黄河文明省部共建协同创新中心设立的重点项目“汉魏六朝石刻丛书”阶段性成果;河南大学黄河文化遗产实验室资助

摘　　要：巩县石窟是北魏宣武帝时期(483—515年)开凿的皇家石窟,此前的孝文帝时期此地已营建有希玄寺。北齐天保二年(551年)至武平二年(571年)的20年间,是巩县石窟寺民间造像的第一次高峰。唐高宗显庆五年(660年)至永隆二年(681年)的21年,是巩县石窟寺民间造像的第二次高峰,该时期僧人和本县官吏积极参加造像,一批稳定的本地平民信众成为持续造像的主力,龙朔二年(662年)《后魏孝文帝故希玄寺之碑》及其造像是平民信众造像的杰出代表。《后魏孝文帝故希玄寺之碑》追记的北魏孝文帝希玄寺初唐时期已不再运行,香火没有延续下来。净土寺是初唐时期巩县石窟区域内保有香火的佛寺,北宋后期成为皇家寺院,与希玄寺没有直接传承关系。The Gongxian Grotto was constructed in the reign of the Xuanwu Emperor of the Northern Wei Dynasty,sponsored by the royal family.The Xixuan temple had been constructed there by the Xiaowen Emperor.From 551 AD to 571 AD,there was the first peak of grotto construction sponsored by the civilians.In the reign of the Gaozong Emperor of the Tang Dynasty,there was the second peak,which included monks and local administrators.The stele made in 662 AD was a canon then,the inscriptions on which record the history of the Xixuan temple.The Jingtu temple was in use during the early Tang period,which became a royal one in the Northern Song Dynasty.There was no direct correlation between the Jingtu temple and the Xixuan temple.

关 键 词：希玄寺碑 龙朔二年 社会背景 巩县石窟 净土寺 

分 类 号：K879.3[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] K877.42[历史地理—历史学]