词项框架下话语对象的意义建构及其路径分析  

An Analytic Approach for Exploring the Meaning Construction of Discourse Objects in the Framework of Lexical Item

作　　者：甄凤超[1] ZHEN Fengchao(The School of Foreign Languages,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学外国语学院,上海200240

出　　处：《外国语》2022年第2期37-46,共10页Journal of Foreign Languages

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“语料库驱动的汉英学术词汇配价对比与应用研究”(21AYY003)。

摘　　要：话语对象指话语中有关事物、特征、状态、行为和过程的具体或者抽象的概念(Teubert 2010),其意义可以由词项来表述。研究的主要目的是要形成用词项构建话语对象意义的方法和路径。具体而言,就是以“美国新冠病毒话语”为语料,探讨如何在词项框架下建构话语对象virus的意义。研究发现,以话语对象virus为搭配核,能够扩展出大量的表述清晰的词项,它们有的相对独立,有的交错重叠,共同围绕该话语对象交织成一幅复杂的意义网络图。这个意义网络图可以清晰地展现美国在线报刊杂志在建构话语对象virus时,使用的各种意义表述和呈现形式以及隐含的态度意义。另外,在建构话语对象意义时,词项分析的步骤变得更加灵活,分析的精细度更高。该研究为建构语料库驱动的话语分析的工作路径带来启示;意义网络图对于设计计算机自动提取词项的伪算法也有一定的参考价值。Teubert(2010) defined discourse objects as any concrete or abstract concepts of entities, properties, states, actions and processes which are talked about in discourse and presented by lexical items.This research aims to establish an analytic approach for constructing the meaning of discourse objects in the framework of lexical items proposed by Sinclair(2004 a).To be specific, this research attempts to scrutinize how the meaning of COVID-19 virus is constructed in the “American COVID-19 virus discourse”.With “virus” as the core, we can find many different lexical items.Some are independent but most of them are partially overlapped and interwoven into a complex semantic web.From the web, we can clearly see how the discourse community of American online newspapers and magazines constructs the meaning of virus in COVID-19 discourse.Moreover, we can also detect the attitudinal meanings hidden behind the lexical items of virus.In addition, when dealing with the meaning of discourse subjects, the model of lexical items becomes more flexible in actual operation.This study is significant in that it would shed light on designing approaches to corpus-driven critical discourse analysis and the pseudo-codes in automatic retrieval of lexical items from a corpus.

关 键 词：话语对象 词项 新冠病毒 

分 类 号：H03[语言文字—语言学]