意大利的科研与第三使命评价及对中国的启示  

Evaluation of Research Quality and Third Mission in Italy and Implications for China

作　　者：程燕林 宋邱惠 陈佳妮 肖小溪 CHENG Yanlin;SONG Qiuhui;CHEN Jia'ni;XIAO Xiaoxi(Institutes of Science and Development,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100090,China;School of Public Policy and Management,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Beijing Institute of Economics and Management,Beijing 100102,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学公共政策与管理学院,北京100049 [3]北京经济管理职业学院,北京100102

出　　处：《世界科技研究与发展》2022年第4期557-566,共10页World Sci-Tech R&D

基　　金：中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院院长青年基金“科技成果转化为技术标准的路径与模型研究”(E0X3741Q01);广东省科技计划软科学研究领域重点项目“广东省现代科研院所诊断评估与机制体制创新研究”(2019B101001013)。

摘　　要：当前,我国科技评价正处于“破四唯”改革的关键时期,探索新的评价方法是科技界关注的焦点。本文选择意大利科研评价作为案例,通过对意大利科研评价机构和评价实践的全面解析与深入研究,包括专家选择、评价流程、结果应用等,提炼总结了意大利科研评价的理念、方法、制度等方面的特点,特别是与中国的不同之处,发现意大利的科研评价体现出了政府主导、代表作制度、按学科分类评价、评价结果的作用强等特点。意大利的科研与第三使命评价对我国科技评价改革具有一定的启示意义,尤其体现在以下四个方面:1)重视同行评议与量化方法的互补性,避免过度依赖量化指标;2)强化和规范科技评价结果的公开与使用,引导和激励改进;3)重视大学与科研机构的第三使命与社会影响评价,促进科技成果转化;4)逐步引导周期式评价向常态化监测转变,形成实时反馈机制。At present,it is in the key period of“breaking the four only”reform of science and technology evaluation in China,and the focus is how to explore new evaluation methods.Taking Italy research evaluation as an example,this article comprehensively analyzes the evaluation of Italian universities and research institutions,including the choice of experts,the evaluation process,the use of the results,and based on these studies,summarizes the concept,method and the characteristics of system and challenges about Italian research evaluation especially the differences with China.It is found that the scientific research evaluation in Italy is characterized by government-leading,representative evaluation system,classification evaluation by subject and strong function of evaluation results.Italy’s research quality evaluation and the third mission evaluation have certain enlightenment significance to China’s science and technology evaluation reform,especially reflected in the following four aspects:1)pay attention to the complementarity of peer review and quantitative evaluation methods,to avoid over-reliance on quantitative indicators;2)strengthen and standardize the disclosure and use of science and technology evaluation results,to guide and encourage improvement;3)attach importance to the third mission and social impact assessment of universities and research institutions,to promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements;and 4)To gradually guide the transition from periodic evaluation to normal monitoring,and form a real-time feedback mechanism.

关 键 词：研究质量评价 第三使命评价 社会影响评价 科技成果转化 

分 类 号：G325.46[文化科学] G322