动车组空心轴内孔表面阵列涡流检测系统研发  

Development of Eddy Current Array Detection System for Inner Surface of Hollow Axle of EMU

作　　者：黄凤英 薛清涛 李庆耀 王岩 任硕 吴晓瑜[3] HUANG Fengying;XUE Qingtao;LI Qingyao;WANG Yan;REN Shuo;WU Xiaoyu(Metals and Chemistry Research Institue,China Academy of Railway Sciences Corporation Limited,Beijing 100081,China;Zhiqi Railway Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Taiyuan Shanxi 030000,China;Eddysun(Xiamen)Electronic Co.,Ltd.,Xiamen Fujian 361004,China)

机构地区：[1]中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司金属及化学研究所,北京100081 [2]智奇铁路设备有限公司,太原030002 [3]爱德森(厦门)电子有限公司,福建厦门361004

出　　处：《高速铁路新材料》2022年第4期52-56,共5页Advanced Materials of High Speed Railway

基　　金：中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司科研项目(2020YJ146)。

摘　　要：动车组空心轴在内孔加工过程容易引起内孔表面拉伤、撕裂等缺陷,超声波检测困难。车轴厂家采用内窥镜进行检查,靠人眼观察内窥镜拍摄的信号,长时间眼睛容易产生疲劳难免漏检,而且内窥镜检测以视频或图片的形式显示缺陷,无法得到缺陷深度信息,难以真实反映缺陷大小。为了解决上述问题,研制了针对ϕ30 mm内径的动车空心轴内孔涡流检测系统和专用阵列探头。系统由多通道涡流检测仪、检测探头、扫查推拔装置、电气控制回路等组成。在人工样轴上进行了试验,试验结果表明:系统对于周向和轴向长10 mm,宽0.15 mm,深0.2、0.3、0.5、1.0 mm的人工刻槽缺陷均能有效检出,信噪比大于12 dB,对于长度为2.7 m的动车空心轴,20 s内可完成检测。The defects such as tensile damage and tear on the inner surface are usually caused by machining process of hollow axle of EMU.These defects are difficult to be tested by ultrasonic.At present,endoscope is used for inspection,which relies on human eyes to observe the detection signal.Eyes are prone to fatigue when they work for a long time.Moreover,the endoscopic detection shows the defect in the form of video or picture,and the defect depth information cannot be obtained,which truly reflects the defect size.In order to solve the problems above,an eddy current detection system and a special array probe for the inner surface of the hollow axle with the inner diameter ofϕ30 mm were developed.The system consisted of a multi-channel eddy current detector,a detection probe,a mechanical push-pull device,and an electrical control circuit.The system was tested on an artificial sample axle.The test results show that the system can effectively detect the manual grooving defects with circumferential and axial length of 10 mm,width of 0.15 mm,depth of 0.2,0.3,0.5 and 1.0 mm,and the signal-to-noise ratio is greater than 12 dB.For the hollow axle of EMU with length of 2.7 m,the detection can be completed within 20 s.

关 键 词：动车组 空心轴 涡流检测 表面缺陷 

分 类 号：TG115.28[金属学及工艺—物理冶金]