航行器水面滑行流场特性数值仿真  

Numerical Simulation on Flow Field Characteristics of Vehicle Planing

作　　者：刘富强 孙元 王广平 王雪峰 LIU Fu-qiang;SUN Yuan;WANG Guang-ping;WANG Xue-feng(The 705 Research Institute,China State Shipbuilding Corporation Limited,Xi’an 710077,China)

机构地区：[1]中国船舶集团有限公司第705研究所,陕西西安710077

出　　处：《水下无人系统学报》2022年第4期485-493,共9页Journal of Unmanned Undersea Systems

摘　　要：基于STAR-CCM+数值计算软件,选用剪切应力传输k-ω湍流模型,采用流体体积波和多重运动参考系构建航行器水面滑行数值仿真模型,并进行了可行性验证。利用该模型对航行器在不同速度下的水面滑行工况进行数值仿真,研究其流场特性和流体动力特性。仿真结果表明,航行器在水面滑行速度高于30 m/s时,尾端发生空化,空泡内压力低于航行器尾端沾湿面压力;空泡发生形变,液面向航行器尾部卷曲并形成飞溅,航行器尾端形成封闭空泡,在泡内出现绕流,泡内为低压区,此时航行器的升力为负值,待滑行速度提高,空泡溃灭与大气连通,升力值明显提高;在航行器以不同速度进行水面滑行的过程中,流场明显不同,导致升力系数和阻力系数差异较大,升力甚至出现负值,其主要与不同速度下航行器尾端空化效果不同,导致沾湿及航行器表面压力分布存在差异有关。研究结果可为航行器水面滑行工程应用提供理论参考。This study employed the shear stress transport(SST)k-ωturbulence model and used the volume of fluid(VOF)wave and the multiple reference frame(MRF)model motion reference system to construct a numerical simulation model of vehicle planing implemented in STAR-CCM+numerical simulation software,whereby its feasibility was verified.This model was then used to numerically simulate the planing conditions of a vehicle at different speeds and to study its flow field and hydrodynamic characteristics.The simulation results show that when the planing speed of the vehicle was higher than 30 m/s,cavitation occurs at the tail end of the vehicle.This results in the pressure inside the cavity being lower than the pressure on the wetted surface of the tail,causing the cavity to deform and the liquid level to curl up towards the tail,resulting in splashes.Subsequently,a closed cavity is formed at the tail,and there is an inner flow around the cavity,within which there is a lowpressure area.At this time,the lift on the vehicle is negative.When the speed increases,the cavity collapses and joins the atmosphere,and the lift is significantly increased.When the vehicle planes at different speeds,the flow field is obviously different,so are the lift coefficient and the drag coefficient;the lift even turns negative.This is mainly due to the difference in the wetting distribution and surface pressure distribution of the vehicle,caused by different cavitation effects at the tail of the vehicle at different speeds.The results can provide a theoretical reference for engineering applications of vehicle planing.

关 键 词：水面滑行 流场特性 流体动力学特性 

分 类 号：TJ630.1[兵器科学与技术—武器系统与运用工程] U661.1[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]