不同土壤雷竹盆栽苗地下茎分枝数量特征及其分布格局  

Quantitative characteristics and distribution patterns of rhizome branches of potted Phyllostachys praecox C.D.Chu et C.S.Chao‘Prevernalis’seedlings in different soils

作　　者：高贵宾 温星 吴志庄 钟浩 潘雁红 张小平 Gao Gui-Bin;Wen Xing;Wu Zhi-Zhuang;Zhong Hao;Pan Yan-Hong;Zhang Xiao-Ping(China National Bamboo Research Center,Hangzhou 310012,China;National Long-Term Observation and Research Station for Forest Ecosystem in Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain,Hangzhou 310012,China;Key Laboratory of Bamboo Forest Ecology and Resource Utilization of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Hangzhou 310012,China)

机构地区：[1]国家林业和草原局竹子研究开发中心,杭州310012 [2]浙江杭嘉湖平原森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,杭州310012 [3]竹林生态与资源利用国家林业和草原局重点实验室,杭州310012

出　　处：《植物科学学报》2022年第4期565-575,共11页Plant Science Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32001378);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(CAFYBB2021QB007)。

摘　　要：为了探究竹子分株系统构建过程及其与人工经营的关系,本文对雷竹(Phyllostachys praecox C.D.Chu et C.S.Chao‘Prevernalis’)不同年龄母竹、不同覆盖年限竹林进行土壤盆栽实验,比较了各处理竹苗地下茎分枝生长差异。结果显示:在盆栽竹苗分株系统构建过程中,地下茎以竹鞭分枝为主;2年生母竹盆栽苗地下茎分枝数量普遍高于1年生盆栽苗,且地下茎分枝表现出随竹林土壤覆盖年限增加而减少的趋势;盆栽苗地下茎分枝主要分布于第Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ分枝的鞭中位置;1年生母竹盆栽苗地下茎分枝以第Ⅱ分枝级别的鞭中、鞭梢部位为多,而2年生母竹盆栽苗则以第Ⅲ分枝级别的鞭中、鞭梢部位为多;随土壤覆盖年限增加,地下茎分枝偏向分布于较为靠前的分枝级别。研究发现,母竹盆栽苗分株系统的构建主要采取了扩大地下分枝的策略,其2年生母竹与竹鞭中部着生侧芽的分枝生长对分株系统拓展贡献率较大;竹林土壤覆盖时间越久越不利于地下茎分枝。由于竹子分株系统具有时空拓展性,其地下茎分枝生长特征尚需持续观察。To explore the construction process of the bamboo ramet system and its relationship with artificial management,we conducted pot experiments with mother bamboo(Phyllostachys praecox C.D.Chu et C.S.Chao‘Prevernalis’)at different ages and under different mulching soils and compared growth differences of rhizome branches of bamboo seedlings.Results showed that during ramet system construction in the potted seedlings,the development of bamboo rhizome branches was dominant.The number of rhizome branches in 2-year-old mother bamboo potted seedlings was generally higher than that of 1-year-old potted seedlings,and rhizome branches decreased with the increase in soil mulch period.The rhizome branches of potted seedlings were mainly distributed in the middle of the bamboo rhizome at theⅡ,Ⅲ,andⅣbranching grades.The rhizome branch of 1-year-old potted seedlings was more in the middle and tip of the rhizome at theⅡbranching grade,but more in the middle and tip of the rhizome at theⅢbranching grade in the 2-year-old potted seedlings.With the increase in soil mulch period,the rhizome branches tended to be distributed at the front branchings.Thus,expansion of underground branches was the main strategy used in ramet system construction in the potted seedlings.Branch growth in the 2-year-old mother bamboo and lateral buds in the middle of the bamboo rhizome greatly contributed to ramet system expansion.The longer the bamboo forest soil was mulched,the less conducive it was to rhizome branching.As the bamboo ramet system exhibited spatiotemporal expansion,the growth characteristics of rhizome branches need to be continuously observed.

关 键 词：雷竹 分株系统 地下茎 分枝生长 竹林覆盖 

分 类 号：S795[农业科学—林木遗传育种]