改进阀芯结构稳态液动力补偿特性影响研究  

Study on the influence of improved valve structure on steady flow force compensation characteristics

作　　者：李瑞川 丁馨铠 刘琦 刘继鲁 孙裕航 王志博 LI Ruichuan;DING Xinkai;LIU Qi;LIU Jilu;SUN Yuhang;WANG Zhibo(School of Mechanical Engineering,Qilu University of Technology(Shandong Academy of Sciences),Jinan 250353,China)

机构地区：[1]齐鲁工业大学(山东省科学院)机械工程学院,济南250353

出　　处：《现代制造工程》2022年第8期150-154,149,共6页Modern Manufacturing Engineering

基　　金：国家工信部工业强基工程项目(TC180A3Y1);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0701104);山东省重大创新工程项目(2019TSLH0303);山东省重点研发项目(重大科技创新工程)(2020CXGC010806,2020CXGC011005);2020济南市科技局高校院所创新团队项目(2020GXRC042)。

摘　　要：设计了一种阀芯的改进结构,减小阀杆一侧直径,使阀杆呈圆台形状,在同侧台阶上环切一个三角形凹槽,部分液流通过三角形凹槽导流后,流动方向产生变化,即产生一个沿阀芯关闭方向的流动分量,该部分液流反向冲击沿正方向流动的液流,使得在出口处液流流动角度变大,即射流角变大,稳态液动力随之减小。由于减小了阀杆一侧直径,阀杆该侧空间也变大,使得更多液流可通过三角形凹槽导流,进一步降低了稳态液动力。通过计算流体动力学(Computational Fluid Dynamics,CFD)仿真,研究了该改进结构的各参数对稳态液动力补偿特性的影响规律;为进一步验证该改进结构的有效性,搭建实验台对改进阀芯进行测试,实验结果与仿真结果相吻合,证明了该改进结构可有效减小液压阀稳态液动力。An improved structure of valve was designed.The diameter of one side of the valve stem was reduced,making the valve stem in a round table shape.A triangular groove was circumscribed on the step on the same side.After some liquid flow was guided through the triangular groove,the flow direction changed.A flow component in the valve closing direction was generated,which reversely impacted the liquid flow in the positive direction.The liquid flow angle at the outlet was increased,that is,the jet angle was increased and the flow force was decreased.As the diameter of one side of the valve stem was reduced,the space on that side of the valve stem was also increased,so that more liquid flow can be guided through the triangular groove,the flow force was further reduced.Through Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD)simulation,the influence of the parameters of the improved structure on the steady flow force compensation characteristics was studied.In order to further prove the effectiveness of the improvement,an experimental platform was built to test the improved valve.The experimental results are consistent with the simulation results,which proves that the improved structure can effectively reduce the steady flow force of the hydraulic valve.

关 键 词：稳态液动力 射流角 计算流体动力学 补偿特性 

分 类 号：TH137.1[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]