菜豆植物凝集素的理化性质及活性研究  

Physicochemical Factors and Biological Activity of Phaseolus Vulgaris Phytohaemagglutinin

作　　者：陈高 朱洵 曾芬 何青松 陈禅友 CHEN Gao;ZHU Xun;ZENG Fen;HE Qingsong;CHEN Chanyou(School of Life Sciences,Hubei Province Engineering Research Center for Legume Plants,Jianghan University,Wuhan 430056,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]江汉大学生命科学学院,湖北省豆类(蔬菜)植物工程技术研究中心,湖北武汉430056

出　　处：《江汉大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第4期31-37,共7页Journal of Jianghan University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：湖北省技术创新专项(重大项目)(2017ABA147);湖北省食用豆类植物自然科技资源中心开放基金项目(2017-DZY03)。

摘　　要：为了明晰菜豆凝集素的理化性质,促进其开发利用,以菜豆鲜荚为材料,提取菜豆凝集素,经分离纯化后研究了温度、pH值、变性剂、糖结合特异性和金属离子等理化因子对菜豆凝集素活性的影响,以及不同豆科植物种间凝集素活性差异。结果表明:90℃下处理5 min后菜豆凝集素才完全失去血凝活性;菜豆凝集素在pH 2~13范围内均有较强的血凝活性,有很强的酸碱稳定性;菜豆凝集素的血凝活性依赖于部分金属离子,经EDTA处理后,Fe^(2+)和Cu^(2+)可以恢复菜豆凝集素的血凝活性,而Ca^(2+)、Mg^(2+)和Zn^(2+)均不能恢复;D-果糖和L-鼠李糖对菜豆凝集素活性有抑制作用;菜豆凝集素对供试的变性剂不敏感,仅高浓度的SDS和脲对其血凝活性有一定抑制作用;不同豆科植物凝集的血凝活性高低顺序为菜豆>扁豆>猫豆=决明子>刀豆=荷包豆>饭豆>豇豆=四棱豆。该研究明晰了菜豆凝集素的理化性质及其活性变化规律,为调节菜豆凝集素活性强度提供了理论依据,有利于促进该次生代谢产物的开发利用。In order to clarify the physicochemical properties of Phaseolus vulgaris Phytohaemagglutinin(PHA)and promote its development and utilization,the effects of temperature,pH,denaturant,sugar-binding specificity,and metal ion on the activity of PHA were studied after separated and purified from fresh bean pods.At the same time,the difference in lectin activity in different legumes was also studied.The results showed that the coagulation activity of PHA was completely lost at 90℃for 5 min.The agglutinin in the range of pH 2~13 had strong hemagglutination activity and strong acid-base stability.After treatment by EDTA,Fe^(2+)and Cu^(2+)could restore the hemagglutination activity of the common bean agglutinin,while Ca^(2+),Mg^(2+),and Zn^(2+)couldn't restore.D-fructose and L-rhamnose had inhibitory effects on the activity of PHA.The PHA was not sensitive to the tested denaturant.Only a high concentration of SDS and urea had some inhibitory effect on its hemagglutination activity.The order of hemagglutination activity of different leguminous plants was common bean>lentils>cat bean=cassia seed>sword bean=phaseolus coccineus>rice bean>cowpea=winged bean.The study clarifies the physical and chemical properties of PHA and its activity change rules.It provides a theoretical basis for regulating PHA activity intensity and facilitates the development and utilization of secondary metabolites.

关 键 词：菜豆 植物凝集素 理化性质 血凝活性 

分 类 号：Q946[生物学—植物学]