不同土地利用对江西红壤坡地产流产沙的影响  

Effects of different land uses on the runoff and sediment yield in red soil slope,Jiangxi

作　　者：顾朝军 朱永清 黄立文 穆兴民[2] 孙宇 孙奇石 陈逸方 GU Chaojun;ZHU Yongqing;HUANG Liwen;MU Xingmin;SUN Yu;SUN Qishi;CHEN Yifang(Yangtze River Basin Monitoring Center Station for Soil and Water Conservation,Changjiang Water Resources Commission,430012,Wuhan,China;State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Agriculture on Loess Plateau,Northwest A&F University,712100,Yangling,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]长江水利委员会长江流域水土保持监测中心站,430012,武汉 [2]西北农林科技大学黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《中国水土保持科学》2022年第4期10-18,共9页Science of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“黄土区地表产流机制变化对植被恢复的响应”(42077075)。

摘　　要：红壤区是中国水土流失最严重的地区之一。研究外力对红壤坡面侵蚀的影响对土地管理和农业发展具有重要意义。基于南方红壤区江西省泰和县老虎山小流域综合观测站2018-2020年坡面径流场观测数据,采用相关分析和回归分析等方法,研究红壤坡地产流产沙及其与降雨、土地利用的关系。结果表明:径流小区产流产沙主要集中在6月和7月,6-7月径流深和土壤流失量超过全年的60%,实验站采用的园林草地能减少产流量20.60%~83.99%,减少产沙量58.48%~99.53%。相比裸地,园林草地降雨对坡面地表的产流产沙能力降低是水土流失减少的主要原因。[Background]Red soil zone is one of the most severe hydraulic eroded area in China,Jiangxi province belongs to the typical southern red soil area,and the area of soil erosion on the red soil slope exceeds 20%of the total land area of the province.The influence of external forces on the slope erosion of soil is the main cause of soil erosion.Thus,figuring out the influence of external force on red soil slope erosion is of great importance to land management and agricultural development.[Methods]In this study,the small watershed of Tiger Mountain in Taihe county,Jiangxi province,red soil zone in the south was selected.A total of 6 runoff communities with a slope of 8°of 20 m long and 5 m wide were set up in the slope runoff field.The amount of soil erosion was calculated based on the amount of sediment.This study analyzed the relationship of runoff and sediment yield on the red soil hillslope with rainfall and land-use,based on observed runoff data from Tiger MountainWatershed Comprehensive Observation,using correlation analysis and regression analysis methods.[Results]The average annual reduction benefit of soil and water conservation measures adopted by the experimental station in 2018-2020,the runoff and sediment yield can be reduced by 20.60%to 83.99%and 58.48%to 99.53%,respectively,and the sediment reduction benefit was greater than the reduction benefit.Between different land uses,the capacity of forest land interception was large.Between different months,over 60%runoff discharge and sediment yield occurred during June and July.[Conclusions]Compared to bare land,grasss land showed better performance on decreasing the capability of water and sediment transfer on hillslope.The suggestion in the process of local soil and water conservation ecological construction,mixed forest measures should be appropriate,attention should be paid to the care and management of under-forest vegetation in single-species woodlands,increasing the coverage under the forest.At the same time,attention should be paid to the prevention

关 键 词：水土保持措施 土地利用 产流产沙 红壤坡地 

分 类 号：S157.1[农业科学—土壤学]