防治水稻恶苗病拮抗细菌的筛选、鉴定和评价  

Screening, identification and evaluation of antagonistic bacteria for the control of Rice Bakanae Disease

作　　者：李风顺 乔俊卿[2] 张荣胜[2] 刘邮洲[2] 刘永锋[1,2] LI Feng-shun;QIAO Jun-qing;ZHANG Rong-sheng;LIU You-zhou;LIU Yong-feng(College of Plant Protection,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China;Institute of Plant Protection,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学植物保护学院,江苏南京210095 [2]江苏省农业科学院植物保护研究所,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2022年第4期907-914,共8页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目[CX(20)3126];江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20201239)。

摘　　要：本研究从植物根际土壤中分离获得菌落形态各异的细菌分离株432株,以引起水稻恶苗病的藤仓镰刀菌菌群为指示菌,通过孢子萌发和平板对峙试验筛选获得对孢子和菌丝都具有显著抑制作用的细菌6株。生防相关特征分析结果显示,菌株LSRS26、JTGSL12和JTGSM1对水稻恶苗病病菌的抑菌效果、生物膜形成能力、群集游动能力和产抑菌物质方面的作用较为优秀。分子鉴定结果表明,菌株LSRS26、JTRSM1、JTGSL12和AHGHL2是Bacillus amyloliquefaciens(解淀粉芽孢杆菌),菌株JTGSM22和JTLM2是Paenibacillus jamilae(杰米拉类芽孢杆菌)。水稻促生试验结果显示,当浸种菌液浓度(OD)=0.1时,菌株LSRS26和JTRSM1对水稻出芽具有促进作用;当浸种菌液浓度(OD)=0.1时,菌株JTGSL12对水稻植株鲜质量和株高的促进效果最为显著。盆栽防效试验结果显示,当浸种菌液浓度(OD)=1.0时,3株芽孢杆菌对水稻恶苗病都表现出不同程度的防治作用,防效为58.00%~72.00%,其中JTGSL12的防效最高,为71.62%。本研究通过筛选获得3株优秀的生防菌,为防治水稻恶苗病的生物农药种子处理剂的创制积累了菌株资源。In this study, 432 bacterial strains with different colony morphologies were isolated from rhizosphere soil, and six isolates with significant inhibition activity on both spores and mycelium were screened and obtained by spore germination and dural culture method using Fusarium fujikuroi strain complex group which could cause bakanae of rice as the indicator fungus. Analysis study of the biocontrol characteristics showed that strain LSRS26, JTGSL12 and JTGSM1 performed well in inhibition activity, biofilm formation, swarming ability and producing antagonistic substances against Fusarium. Results of molecular identification indicated that strains LSRS26, JTRSM1, JTGSL12 and AHGHL2 belonged to Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, strains JTGSM22 and JTLM2 belonged to Paenibacillus jamilae. The results of seed germination experiment showed that strains LSRS26 and JTRSM1 had a promotion effect on rice germination when the seed soaking concentration(OD) was 0.1. When the seed soaking concentration(OD) was 0.1, strain JTGSL12 showed the most significant effect on the fresh weight and height of rice plants. Pot experiment showed that strains LSRS26, JTGSL12 and JTGSM1 exhibited different degrees of control effect against rice bakanae disease when the seed soaking concentration(OD) was 1.0, the biocontrol efficiency ranged from 58.00% to 72.00%. Strain JTGSL12 got the highest control efficiency at 71.62%. Three excellent Bacillus strains were screened and obtained, which provided strain resources for the creation of biopesticide seed treatment agent for the control of rice bakanae disease.

关 键 词：水稻恶苗病 拮抗细菌 促生作用 生防效果 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]