基于爆破卸压的深部构造应力富水软岩巷道底鼓控制技术研究  

Study on floor heave control technology of deep tectonic stress water-rich soft rock roadway based on blasting pressure relief

作　　者：程敬义[1] 魏泽捷 白纪成 于智卓 邢轲轲 李庆明 王俊有[3] 李晓[3] 张超[1] 张治军[3] CHENG Jingyi;WEI Zejie;BAI Jicheng;YU Zhizhuo;XING Keke;LI Qingming;WANG Junyou;LI Xiao;ZHANG Chao;ZHANG Zhijun(China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 220001,China;China Coal Xi’an Design Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an 710054,China;Pingdingshan Tian’an Coal Industry Co.,Ltd.,Pingdingshan 467000,China;Shanxi Shuozhou Shanyin Jinhaiyang Wujiagou Coal Industry Co.,Ltd.,Shuozhou 036999,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学,江苏徐州220001 [2]中煤西安设计工程有限责任公司,陕西西安710054 [3]平顶山天安煤业股份有限公司,河南平顶山410012 [4]山西朔州山阴金海洋五家沟煤业有限公司,山西朔州036999

出　　处：《煤炭科学技术》2022年第7期117-126,共10页Coal Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51674242,51604267)。

摘　　要：底鼓是深部高应力软岩巷道常见的底板破坏形式,也是影响矿井安全高效生产的制约因素,更是目前千米深井亟待解决的关键问题。为解决深部高应力软岩巷道底鼓制约煤矿安全高效开采的现场问题,以平煤某矿-950水平回风大巷为工程背景,采用井下试验、物化分析、室内试验相结合的方法,从岩石强度和应力特征视角分析了围岩结构、矿物成分、水理作用、支护强度、原岩应力对巷道底鼓的影响机制,发现了高构造应力和水理作用是影响巷道严重底鼓的主要因素,揭示了该巷道的挤压流动性底鼓和遇水膨胀性底鼓机理。根据深部高应力软岩巷道底鼓机理分析,提出了基于底板爆破卸压的注浆加固底鼓联合控制技术,利用松动爆破技术阻断底板高应力传播路径,改善巷道围岩应力环境,释放底板压力;同时,利用注浆加固技术强化巷道底板围岩的承载力,提高底板抗变形能力。基于上述研究成果,提出爆破卸压+注浆加固的布置方案与参数,并进行了工业试验和底鼓变形监测。现场工业应用监测结果表明:采用底板松动爆破+注浆加固的联合支护方案后,巷道底板围岩处于稳定状态,底板在300 d内最大位移不超过310 mm,巷道底鼓变形量较无支护状态下减少了36.7%~49.0%,巷道底板未发生明显变形破坏,底鼓控制效果明显。Floor heave is a common floor failure form in deep high-stress soft rock roadways,affecting the safe and efficient production of the mine and it is a key issue desperately needed to be solved in the coal mines with depth more than 1000 m.In order to solve the field problem that the floor heave of deep high stress soft rock roadway restricted the safe and efficient mining of coal mines,this paper took the-950 horizontal return air roadway of a coal mine in Pingdingshan mining field as the engineering background.From the perspective of rock strength and stress characteristics,the influence mechanism of surrounding rock structure,mineral composition,water effect,support strength,and in-situ stresses on the floor heave of the roadway was analyzed,by means of underground experiments,physicochemical analysis and laboratory tests.It was found that the high tectonic stress and hydraulic effect were the main factors affecting the serious floor heave of the roadway.Further,the mechanism of the extruding fluidity floor heave and hydrodynamic expansion floor heave were revealed.According to the mechanism analysis of floor heave of deep high stress soft rock roadway,a joint control technology of grouting reinforcement floor heave based on floor blasting and pressure relief was proposed,which included blasting pressure relief technology and grouting reinforcement technology.The blasting pressure relief technology was adopted to block the propagation path of high stress in the floor,release the floor pressure and improve the stress environment of surrounding rock.At the same time,the grouting reinforcement technology is used to strengthen the bearing capacity of the surrounding rock of the roadway floor and improve the deformation resistance of the floor.Based on the above research results,the layout scheme and parameters of blasting pressure relief and grouting reinforcement were proposed,and the field experiment and floor heave deformation monitoring were carried out.The monitoring results demonstrated that the surrounding ro

关 键 词：巷道底鼓 高地应力软岩 爆破卸压 注浆加固 围岩控制 

分 类 号：TD322[矿业工程—矿井建设]