武汉市用水结构时空演变分析  

Spatial-temporal Evolution of Water Consumption Structure in Wuhan City

作　　者：徐保坤 刘凤丽[1] 李亚龙[1] 袁念念[1] Xu Baokun;Liu Fengli;Li Yalong;Yuan Niannian(Agricultural Water Conservancy Department,Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan 430010,China)

机构地区：[1]长江科学院农业水利研究所,武汉430010

出　　处：《长江技术经济》2022年第4期16-21,44,共7页Technology and Economy of Changjiang

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U2040213);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(CKSF2021299/NY)。

摘　　要：根据2013—2020年武汉市用水数据,将信息熵、均衡度、区位熵、洛伦茨曲线和基尼系数应用到用水结构分析中,对武汉市用水结构的时间和空间演变特征进行了定性和定量的分析和探讨。结果表明:2013—2019年武汉市总用水量总体呈下降趋势,用水结构相对稳定,但生态环境用水占比偏低。从时间上看,武汉市用水结构分布比较均衡,均衡度逐年增加;但每个行政区的用水结构分布差异较大,用水结构合理性有待提高。从空间上看,武汉市工业用水空间分布相对合理,但农业用水、生活用水和生态环境用水基尼系数均大于0.4,超过了“警戒线”,空间分布不均匀。整体来看,武汉市用水结构时空分布呈良性发展态势,但仍具有进一步优化的空间,尤其是生态环境用水量需要提高。The temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of water use structure in the city of Wuhan are analyzed and discussed in both qualitative and quantitative scale by examining the information entropy,equilibrium degree,location entropy,Lorenz curve and Gini coefficient of water use data in Wuhan from 2013 to 2020.Results reveal a general downward trend of total water consumption in Wuhan from 2013 to 2019,with a relatively stable water consumption structure yet low proportion of ecological environmental water consumption.In temporal scale,the distribution of water consumption structure in Wuhan is relatively balanced,and the equilibrium degree had been increasing year by year.However,the distribution of water consumption structure in each administrative region differed notably,and the rationality of water consumption structure needs to be improved.In spatial scale,the spatial distribution of industrial water is relatively reasonable,but the Gini coefficient of agricultural water,domestic water and ecological environmental water uses are greater than 0.4,which exceeds the“warning line”,and the spatial distribution is uneven.In conclusion,the spatial and temporal distribution of water consumption structure shows a positive development trend on the whole,yet still with room for further optimization,especially the eco-environmental water consumption needs to be improved.

关 键 词：用水结构 信息熵 洛伦兹曲线 基尼系数 武汉市 

分 类 号：TV212.2[水利工程—水文学及水资源]