基于LCA的污水处理方案碳中和综合影响评价  

COMPREHENSIVE IMPACT ASSESSMENT ON CARBON NEUTRALIZATION OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS BASED ON HYBRID LCA

作　　者：吴百苗 张一梅 栗帅 郭文瑾 郭晓倩 王森尧 梁希 耿学文 WU Baimiao;ZHANG Yimei;LI Shuai;GUO Wenjin;GUO Xiaoqian;WANG Senyao;LIANG Xi;GENG Xuewen(College of Environmental Science and Engineering,North China Electric Power University,Beijing 102206,China;Suzhou Research Institute of North China Electric Power University,Suzhou 215213,China;School of Electric Power Engineering,Shanghai University of Electric Power,Shanghai 201306,China;China Power International Development Ltd,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学环境科学与工程学院,北京102206 [2]华北电力大学苏州研究院,江苏苏州215213 [3]上海电力大学电力工程学院,上海201306 [4]中国电力国际发展有限公司,北京102206

出　　处：《环境工程》2022年第6期130-137,共8页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51878272)。

摘　　要：在“碳达峰,碳中和”双碳目标背景下,污水处理行业碳中和规划中尚缺乏对工艺设计方案的定量化综合影响评价。为此,基于全生命周期(LCA)框架,建立全生命周期碳足迹、环境、经济综合影响评价模型(LCA-CEE),并利用该模型对2种不同污泥处理工艺下污水处理厂(A方案:污泥填埋;B方案:污泥-厨余垃圾共消化)以30年为限的建设阶段、运行阶段、拆除阶段中能耗、物耗、污染排放等方面进行综合影响评价与对比分析。结果表明:B方案利用共消化热电联产系统发电量高达38.9 MW·h,碳中和率达到133%,实现能源自给自足,经济效益较A方案提高1.6倍且环境影响显著减小。该LCA-CEE模型从全流程评价节能减排路径,为污水处理行业碳中和规划提供理论支撑。Under the background of China’s carbon peak and carbon neutralization goals, there is a lack of quantitative comprehensive impact assessment on process design in carbon-neutral planning of the wastewater treatment industry. Therefore, based on the LCA framework, a comprehensive impact assessment model of carbon footprint, environment, and economy of the whole life cycle(LCA-CEE) was established. And the model was used to analyse the effects of two different sludge treatment processes in sewage treatment plants(A plant: sludge landfill;B plant: sludge-kitchen waste co-digestion). The comprehensive impact assessment and comparative analysis were conducted on energy consumption, material consumption and pollution discharge in the construction, operation and demolition stages within 30 years. The results showed that the power generation of cogeneration system in plant B reached 38.9 MW·h, realizing energy self-sufficiency and with a carbon neutralization rate up to 133%. Compared with plant A, the economic benefit was 1.6 times higher and the environmental impact was significantly reduced. The LCA-CEE model developed in this study evaluated the energy-saving and emission reduction path from the whole process, providing theoretical support for carbon neutrality planning of the sewage treatment industry.

关 键 词：污水处理 碳中和 碳足迹 共消化 综合评价模型 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]