饲粮蛋白质水平对生长期云南半细毛羊氮平衡和养分排放的影响  

Effects of dietary protein level on nitrogen balance and nutrient excretions of Yunnan semi-fine wool sheep during the growth period

作　　者：倪晓君 赵小琪 马江龙 王思宇 欧阳依娜 李银江 薛白[4] 洪琼花 NI Xiaojun;ZHAO Xiaoqi;MA Jianglong;WANG Siyu;OUYANG Yina;LI Yinjiang;XUE Bai;HONG Qionghua(Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute,Kunming,Yunnan Province 650224,China;Zhaoyang District Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Technology Extension Service Center,Zhaotong,Yunnan Province 657000,China;Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Yunnan Province,Kunming,Yunnan Province 650000,China;Institute of Animal Nutrition,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu,Sichuan Province 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省畜牧兽医科学院,云南昆明650224 [2]昭通市昭阳区畜牧兽医技术推广服务中心,云南昭通657000 [3]云南省农业农村厅,云南昆明650000 [4]四川农业大学动物营养研究所,四川成都611130

出　　处：《中国饲料》2022年第17期37-43,共7页China Feed

基　　金：国家绒毛用羊产业技术体系(CARS39-08);云南省科技创新人才计划(2018HC017);云南省科技人才和平台计划(2018IC108)。

摘　　要：为研究饲粮蛋白质水平对生长期云南半细毛羊氮平衡和养分排放的影响,试验选择25只10月龄云南半细毛羊(羯羊),随机分为5组,分别饲喂蛋白质水平为8.38%、10.42%、12.49%、14.99%、19.29%的饲粮,预试期14 d,正试期30 d,在正试期第11~15天进行消化代谢试验。结果表明:(1)随着饲粮蛋白质水平的提升,生长期云南半细毛羊食入氮和沉积氮不断提升;氮沉积率以10.42%蛋白质水平组最高。(2)饲粮蛋白质水平对粪干物质排放量、粪氮排放量影响不显著(P> 0.05);8.38%蛋白质水平组粪钙排放量较19.29%蛋白质水平组降低17.86%(P <0.05);粪磷排放量随饲粮蛋白质水平的升高而升高,10.42%蛋白质水平组分别较14.99%、19.29%蛋白质水平组降低25.45%、57.24%(P <0.01)。(3)随着饲粮蛋白质水平的提高,尿排放量和尿氮排放量逐渐增加,尿磷排放量呈先增加后降低趋势;其中,10.42%蛋白质水平组尿氮排放量分别较12.49%、14.99%、19.29%蛋白质水平组降低45.64%、63.26%、78.90%(P <0.05);尿磷排放量以14.99%蛋白质水平组最高。(4)氮总排放量、磷总排放量随饲粮蛋白质水平的增加而增加,各组间钙总排放量无显著差异(P> 0.05)。(5)粪氮占氮总排放量的比例随饲粮蛋白质水平的提高而显著降低(P <0.05),尿氮占比则极显著增加(P <0.01);试验羊体内多余的氮主要从尿中排出,而钙、磷以从粪中排出为主。综上所述,饲粮蛋白质水平为8.38%~10.42%时,既能提高生长期云南半细毛羊氮沉积率,又能提高对氮、磷的利用率,降低氮、磷总排放量,从而减少对环境的污染。This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary protein level on nitrogen balance and nutrient emission of Yunnan semi-fine wool sheep during the growth period.Twenty-five 10-month-old healthy Yunnan semi-fine wool sheep were selected and randomly split into 5 groups.The protein levels of diets for 5 groups were 8.38%,10.42%,12.49%,14.99%and 19.29%,respectively.The experiment lasted for 44 days,including 14 days of the pre-test period and 30 days of the test period.The digestion and metabolism experiment was carried out on the 11th to 15th day of the test period.The results showed as follows:(1)With the increase of dietary protein level,the nitrogen(N)intake and N retention of Yunnan semi-fine wool sheeps continue to increase;The N retention rate was the highest in the 10.42%protein level group.(2)Dietary protein level had no significant effects on the fecal dry matter(DM)excretion and fecal N excretion(P>0.05);fecal calcium(Ca)excretion in the 8.38%protein level group were 17.86%lower than those in the 19.29%protein level group(P 0.05).(5)The proportion of fecal N in total N excretion decreased significantly with the increase of dietary protein level(P<0.05),while the proportion of urine N increased significantly(P<0.01);the excess N in the body of Yunnan semi-fine wool sheep during the growth period was mainly excreted from the urine,while Ca and P were mainly excreted from the feces.In summary,when the dietary protein level was 8.38%~10.42%,it could not only increase the N retention rate of Yunnan semi-fine wool sheep during the growth period,but also improve the utilization of N and P,decrease the total excretions of N and P,and reduce environmental pollution.

关 键 词：蛋白质 云南半细毛羊 生长期 氮平衡 养分排放 

分 类 号：S816.4[农业科学—饲料科学]