转管继代对黑木耳菌种质量的影响  

Effects of Transtubular Succession on Quality of Auricularia heimuer Spawns

作　　者：王毓婧 姚方杰[1,2] 孙旭 陈涵涛 秦红宇 鲁丽鑫[1] WANG Yujing;YAO Fangjie;SUN Xu;CHEN Hantao;QIN Hongyu;LU Lixin(College of Horticulture,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China;Engineering Research Center of Chinese Ministry of Education for Edible and Medicinal Fungi,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学园艺学院,长春130118 [2]吉林农业大学食药用菌教育部工程研究中心,长春130118

出　　处：《吉林农业大学学报》2022年第3期293-299,共7页Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS—20)。

摘　　要：以5个在4℃低温保藏的黑木耳审定品种A9、A10、A13、A19、A20为供试菌种,研究低温继代保藏中转管继代对黑木耳菌种质量的影响,以期筛选出退化菌种开展退化机制的研究。未转管继代低温保藏7年的菌种作为对照,每隔1年转管继代1次,连续转管继代2次后继续保藏5年、转管继代6次后保藏1年的菌种作为处理,共15个试验菌种,研究菌种的菌丝特征、胞外酶活性及出耳特性。结果表明:大部分品种转管继代6次的菌种菌丝生长速度、菌丝生物量显著高于转管继代2次及对照菌种,其中,A10(6)的菌丝生长速度比A10(0)提高了11.72%,菌丝生物量增加了403.70%。经过转管继代后菌种的纤维素酶、漆酶、淀粉酶活性均较对照菌种酶活性有所提高,半纤维素酶活性变化无显著差异。出耳试验也表明,转管继代6次的菌种比对照菌种生育期缩短、产量显著提高。说明转管继代能够保持黑木耳菌种活力,不同品种转管继代2次和对照菌种存在不同程度退化,筛选出2株退化严重的菌种A10(0)、A20(0),用于后续黑木耳菌种退化机制的研究。In order to study the effects of transtubular succession on the quality of Auricularia heimuer spawns in low-temperature succession storage,for the purpose of screening out the degenerated spawns and carry out the research on the degradation mechanism,five approved varieties of A.heimuer,A9,A10,A13,A19 and A20,stored at 4℃were used as test spawns.The spawns that had not been transferred for succession and kept at low temperature for 7 years were selected as the control.The spawns stored for 5 years after two consecutive transtubular successions and 1 year after six transtubular successions were selected as the treatment.A total of 15 test spawns were used to study the mycelial characteristics,extracellular enzyme activity and agronomic traits of spawns.The results showed that the mycelial growth rate and mycelial biomass of most varieties of spawns subcultured for 6 times were significantly higher than those of spawns subcultured for 2 times and the control spawns,with A10(6)showing an 11.72%increase in mycelial growth rate and a 403.70%increase in mycelial biomass compared to A10(0).The cellulase,laccase,and amylase activities of the spawns increased after transtubular succession,but there was no significant difference in hemicellulase activity.The test of A.heimuer growth also showed that the growth period of spawns that were subcultured for 6 times were shorter than that of the control spawns,and the yield was significantly increased.It showed that transtubular succession can maintain the viability of A.heimuer spawns,and the spawns of different varieties with 2 times of transtubular successions and the control spawns were degraded to different degrees.Two spawns with serious degradation,A10(0)and A20(0),were screened out for subsequent research on the degradation mechanism of A.heimuer spawns.

关 键 词：黑木耳 转管继代 菌丝特征 胞外酶 产量 

分 类 号：S646.6[农业科学—蔬菜学]