人参内生细菌F2的分离鉴定及其对人参根系分泌物的化学趋向性响应  

Isolation and Identification of Ginseng Endophytic Bacterium F2 and Its Chemotactic Response of Ginseng Root Exudates

作　　者：才丽 张爱华[1] 雷锋杰[1] 徐周洋 CAI Li;ZHANG Aihua;LEI Fengjie;XU Zhouyang(College of Chinese Medicinal Materials,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学中药材学院,长春130118

出　　处：《吉林农业大学学报》2022年第3期317-322,共6页Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

基　　金：吉林省自然科学基金主题引导项目(20190201297JC);吉林省科技发展计划项目(20170204018YY)。

摘　　要：从人参中分离出对人参主要病害具有防治作用的内生菌株并研究其对人参根系分泌物中的5种氨基酸和3种糖的化学趋向性响应,为其后续定殖提供理论依据。将分离出的内生菌通过平板对峙法进行筛选,选取具有高效拮抗的内生细菌F2,对其进行形态学鉴定、分子鉴定。采用改良的毛细管法测量该菌株对人参根系分泌物中8种物质的化学趋向性响应。通过鉴定初步确定,该内生细菌为枯草芽孢杆菌(Bacillus subtilis)。该菌株对人参的主要病害人参黑斑菌(Alternaria panax Whetz.)、灰霉菌(Botrytis cinerea Pres.ex Fr.)、根腐菌(Fusarium solani)、锈腐病菌(Cylindrocarpon destructans)的抑菌率分别为68.2%,82.7%,55.5%,63.5%。在待测液质量浓度为0.025 mg/L时,菌株对缬氨酸的趋化程度最为显著(趋化率为4.19),丙氨酸、苯丙氨酸、阿拉伯糖、丝氨酸、异亮氨酸、木糖和鼠李糖趋化率分别为3.18,2.99,2.88,2.66,2.54,2.34,2.51。该分离出的内生菌具有较好地抑制人参病害的作用。Endophytic strains with control effects on ginseng main diseases were isolated from ginseng and their chemotactic responses to 5 amino acids and 3 sugars in ginseng root exudates were studied to provide a theoretical basis for subsequent colonization.The isolated endophytes were screened by the sputum method,and the endophytic bacterium F2 with high antagonism was selected for morphological identification and molecular identification.A modified capillary method was used to measure the chemotactic response of the strain to 8 substances in root exudates of ginseng.The endophytic bacterium was identified as Bacillus subtilis.The bacteriostasis rates of the strain against the main diseases of ginseng,such as Alternaria panax,Botrytis cinerea,Fusarium solani,and Cylindrocarpon destructans,were 68.2%,82.7%,55.5% and 63.5%,respectively.When the mass concentration of the solution to be tested was 0.025 mg/L,the chemotaxis of valine was the most significant(chemotaxis rate was 4.19).And the chemotaxis rates of the strain to alanine,phenylalanine,arabinose,serine,isoleucine,xylose and rhamnose were 3.18,2.99,2.88,2.66,2.54,2.34 and 2.51,respectively.Finally,it was concluded that the isolated endophytic bacterium had a good effect on inhibiting ginseng diseases.

关 键 词：人参 内生菌 分离鉴定 根系分泌物 抑菌作用 趋化作用 

分 类 号：S567.51[农业科学—中草药栽培]