陕西省322名农村空巢老人自我养老能力现状及其影响因素分析  

Analysis on status quo and influencing factors of self pension ability of 322 rural empty nest elderly in Shaanxi province

作　　者：邢波[1] 张宁 XING Bo;ZHANG Ning(Xi′an Peihua University,Shaanxi 710125 China)

机构地区：[1]西安培华学院,陕西710125 [2]陕西省结核病防治院

出　　处：《护理研究》2022年第17期3071-3076,共6页Chinese Nursing Research

基　　金：陕西省社会科学基金项目,编号:2018G04。

摘　　要：目的:探讨农村空巢老人的自我养老能力现状,并分析其影响因素。方法:选取2020年6月—2020年12月陕西省宝鸡市6个乡镇18个村落322名空巢老人作为研究对象,采用一般资料调查表、老年人自我养老能力问卷、老化态度问卷、老年人心理资本问卷进行调查。结果:空巢老人自我养老能力得分为(142.66±16.39)分;自我养老能力与老化态度中的心理社会丧失维度呈负相关(r=-0.311),与老化态度中的生理变化、心理获得和心理资本呈正相关(r值分别为0.557,0.305,0.369)。线性回归分析显示,年龄、平均月生活费用、文化程度、患有慢性病种类数、老化态度及心理资本是农村空巢老人自我养老能力的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:农村空巢老人自我养老能力处于中等偏下水平,且受多种因素的影响,提高心理资本以及积极的老化态度能提高农村空巢老人的自我养老能力。Objective:To explore the status quo of self pension ability of rural empty nest elderly and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:Totally 322 empty nesters from 18 villages in 6 townships and towns of Baoji city,Shaanxi province from June 2020 to December 2020 were selected as the research objects.The research objects were investigated by general information questionnaire,Elderly Self Pension Ability Scale,Aging Attitude Scale and Elderly Psychological Capital Scale.Results:The score of self pension ability of empty nest elderly was(142.66±16.39).There was a negative correlation between self pension ability and psychosocial loss in attitude toward aging(r=-0.311),and a positive correlation between self pension ability and physiological change,psychological acquisition and psychological capital in attitude toward aging(r=0.557,r=0.305,r=0.369).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that age,average monthly living cost,educational level,the number of chronic diseases,aging attitude and psychological capital were the significant influencing factors of self pension ability of rural empty nesters(P<0.05).Conclusion:The self pension ability of rural empty nest elderly was in the lower middle level,and was affected by many factors.Improving psychological capital and positive aging attitude can significantly improve the self pension ability of rural empty nesters.

关 键 词：农村 空巢老人 自我养老能力 老化态度 心理资本 影响因素 调查研究 

分 类 号：F323.89[经济管理—产业经济]