变化环境对农业水资源配置的影响研究进展  

Effect of Climate Change on Water Resource Allocation to Irrigation:A Review

作　　者：齐学斌[1,2] 李平 白芳芳[1,4] 张彦[1,3] 佘映军[1,4] 马灿灿[1,4] QI Xuebin;LI Ping;BAI Fangfang;ZHANG Yan;SHE Yingjun;MA Cancan(Farmland Irrigation Research Institute of CAAS and MWR,Xinxiang 453002,China;Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-Products on Water Environment Factors,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Xinxiang 453002,China;Agriculture Water and Soil Environmental Field Science Research Station of CAAS,Xinxiang 453000,China;Graduate School of CAAS,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所,河南新乡453002 [2]农业农村部农产品质量安全水环境因子风险评估实验室,河南新乡453002 [3]中国农业科学院河南新乡农业水土环境野外科学观测试验站,河南新乡453000 [4]中国农业科学院研究生院,北京100081

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2022年第8期1-8,共8页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CAAS-ZDRW202201);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务项目(FIRI20210102)。

摘　　要：变化环境下农业水资源系统正经历着深刻的变化,特别是气候变化和人类活动加剧了降水、蒸散、径流、渗漏、耗水等农田水文要素的演变过程,进而影响农业水资源供、用、耗、排、回的全过程。在对我国农业用水过程与特点进行分析的基础上,系统梳理了国内外变化环境对灌区农业供水量、需水量、供需水平衡、水循环及水资源承载力影响的研究进展,系统分析了现有研究存在的不足,提出了未来我国农业水资源配置及水安全保障应对环境变化影响的研究重点:重视变化环境下灌区供水系统及运行模式研究,加强变化环境下作物需水规律研究,强化变化环境下灌区供需水平衡与水资源承载力研究,深化变化环境下灌区水循环与转化机理研究,拓展变化环境下节水灌溉对环境影响的机理研究。Rapid socioeconomic development coupled with climate changes is likely to result in uncertainty in agricultural water use,making water resource management and regulation even more difficult.Traditional methods used in allocating and regulating water resources are unable to deal with the balance and optimize water supply and demand between different sectors.Achieving this goal requires a fundamental improvement in our current understanding of the hydrological cycle in farmland ecosystems,in particular,to what extent climate change and anthropogenic activities could reshape the hydrological processes such as precipitation,evapotranspiration,surface runoff,seepage and water consumption.Taking China as an example,this paper systematically analyzes the research progress made over the past few decades in the effect of global climate change on demand of agriculture for water,water supply to crop production,supply-demand balance,water recycling in different irrigation districts.We also analyze the areas that were poorly studied,and the perspectives for future research,especially the response of available water for agricultural use to environmental change at irrigation district scale.These include water supply to irrigation districts and their operations,crop water requirement,consolidating the study of the balance between water supply and demand,as well as theory and method for evaluating water resource bearing capacity in irrigation districts due to climate changes.We conclude that future study should address water cycle and transformation in irrigation districts,and mechanisms underlying the impact of water-saving irrigation technologies on the environment at regional scales.

关 键 词：变化环境 水资源配置 农业供水 农业用水 水循环 

分 类 号：S27[农业科学—农业水土工程]