基于生境网络构建的昆明呈贡新区生物多样性保护  

Biodiversity Conservation in Chenggong New District in Kunming Based on Habitat Network Construction

作　　者：刘俊男 龙雨丹 陈扬帆 高凯 Liu Junnan;Long Yudan;Chen Yangfan;Gao Kai(Faculty of Architecture and City Planning,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 65000,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学建筑与城市规划学院,昆明650000

出　　处：《中国城市林业》2022年第4期15-21,共7页Journal of Chinese Urban Forestry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“风景园林学视野下的红河哈尼族乡土景观”(31600578)。

摘　　要：生物多样性是维持生态平衡的基础,生境网络构建对区域生物多样性保护具有重要作用。文章以昆明市呈贡新区为例,基于形态学空间格局分析(MSPA)、最小累积阻力模型(MCR)等方法构建生境网络,并据此识别生态源地、提取潜在和重要生态廊道。结果表明:MSPA的核心区面积占比最高,约占自然要素面积的69.97%,具有良好的生境条件和生态潜力;共遴选出9个重要生态源地,提取36条潜在生态廊道及13条重要廊道;廊道缓冲带中林地占比达69.12%以上,有利于廊道的可达性。在此基础上,从增设脚踏石、修复断裂点、构建生物多样性区域内外生境网络、保护区域农田生物多样性等方面提出生境网络的优化策略,旨在为处于快速城镇化进程中的地区生境网络构建和生物多样性保护提供依据和参考。Biodiversity is the base for maintaining ecological balance,and the establishment of habitat network plays an important role in regional biodiversity conservation.Taking Chenggong New District of Kunming City as a case,a habitat network is constructed based on morphological spatial pattern analysis(MSPA),minimum cumulative resistance model(MCR)and other methods.Then ecological sources identification as well as potential and important ecological corridors extraction is carried out accordingly.The results show that the core area of MSPA occupies the highest proportion,accounting for about 69.97%of the area of natural elements,which has good habitat conditions and ecological potential.A total of 9 important ecological sources areas are selected,and 36 potential ecological corridors and 13 important ecological corridors are identified.The proportion of forest in the corridor buffer zone is more than 69.12%,which is beneficial to the accessibility of the corridors.On this basis,the optimization strategy of the habitat network is proposed from the aspects of adding stepping stones,repairing breakpoints,constructing the habitat network inside and outside of biodiversity area,and protecting farmland biodiversity in the protected area.The research is aimed at providing a basis and reference for regional habitat network establishment and biodiversity conservation in areas undergoing rapid urbanization.

关 键 词：生境网络 生物多样性保护 形态学空间格局 最小累积阻力模型 昆明市呈贡新区 

分 类 号：Q16[生物学—普通生物学]