盐碱胁迫对元宝枫幼苗生长和生理特性的影响  

Effects of Saline-alkali Stress on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Acer truncatum Seedlings

作　　者：李悦[1] 蔡亚南 任安琦 韦淋馨 张钰晗 张若溪 李庆卫[1] Li Yue;Cai Ya’nan;Ren Anqi;Wei Linxin;Zhang Yuhan;Zhang Ruoxi;Li Qingwei(Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学,北京100083

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2022年第8期5-14,21,共11页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：北京林业大学建设世界一流学科和特色发展引导专项资金(2019XKJS0324);北京市科学研究与研究生培养共建科研项目(2016GJ-03);北京园林绿化增彩延绿科技创新工程(2019-KJC-02-10)。

摘　　要：为了探究盐碱胁迫对元宝枫幼苗生长和生理特性的影响,探讨元宝枫对盐碱胁迫的响应机制,为元宝枫在盐碱地区的栽培应用提供依据,以2年生元宝枫扦插苗为试验材料,采用盆栽试验法,按n(NaCl)∶n(NaHCO_(3))=1∶1配制成混合盐溶液,设置0(CK)、100(S1)、200(S2)、300(S3)、400(S4)、500(S5)mmol·L^(-1)6个盐浓度水平,分析不同浓度盐碱胁迫对元宝枫生长和生理指标的影响。研究结果表明:随着盐浓度增加和胁迫时间延长,盐害率、盐害指数增加,生长量显著降低,元宝枫生长受到抑制;相对电导率、丙二醛(MDA)、可溶性糖质量分数呈上升趋势,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(APX)活性,可溶性蛋白和脯氨酸质量分数整体呈先上升后下降趋势,叶片组织含水量呈“下降-上升-下降”趋势;叶绿素质量分数呈先上升后下降趋势,净光合速率(P_(n))、气孔导度(G_(s))、蒸腾速率(T_(r))、PSⅡ最大光化学量子产量(F_(v)/F_(m))、PSⅡ实际光化学量子产量(Y(Ⅱ))和光化学淬灭系数(q_(P))整体呈下降趋势,胞间CO_(2)摩尔分数(C_(i))呈低浓度下降,高浓度上升趋势。利用主成分分析筛选出叶绿素质量分数、SOD活性、APX活性、POD活性以及可溶性糖质量分数这5个指示性指标。认为元宝枫幼苗具有一定耐盐碱能力,在低浓度盐碱胁迫下可通过提高抗氧化酶活性,累积渗透调节物质来减轻受到的盐害,维持植物正常的生理代谢;叶绿素质量分数、SOD活性、APX活性、POD活性以及可溶性糖质量分数可作为元宝枫耐盐性评价的参考指标。In order to study the effects of saline-alkali stress on the growth and physiological characteristics of Acer truncatum seedlings,explore the response mechanism of A.truncatum to saline-alkali stress,and provide a theoretical basis for its cultivation and application in saline-alkali soils.Two-year-old A.truncatum cutting seedlings were used as experimental materials,and the pot experiment method was adopted.Mix NaCl and NaHCO_(3) with a molar mass ratio of 1∶1 to prepare a mixed salt solution,setting six concentrations:0(CK),100(S1),200(S2),300(S3),400(S4),and 500 mmol·L^(-1)(S5),analyze the effects of different salt-alkali stresses on the growth and physiological indexes of A.truncatum.It was found that,with the increase of salt concentration and the extension of stress time,the rate and index of salt injury increased,and the growth of A.truncatum was significantly reduced.Relative conductivity,MDA and soluble sugar content increased.SOD,POD,CAT and APX Activity,soluble protein and proline content increased first and then decreased.The water content of leaf tissue showed a“decline-up-decline”trend.Chlorophyll content first increased and then decreased.P_(n),G_(s),T_(r),F_(v)/F_(m),Y(Ⅱ),and q_(P) showed an overall downward trend,and the C_(i) decreased at low concentration and increased at high concentration.Principal component analysis was used to screen out five indicators:chlorophyll content,SOD activity,APX activity,POD activity and soluble sugar content.The seedlings of A.truncatum have the ability of salt-alkali tolerance.Under low concentration of salt-alkali stress,they can reduce salt damage by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and accumulating osmotic adjustment substances to maintain normal physiological metabolism of the plant.Chlorophyll content,SOD activity,APX activity,POD activity and soluble sugar content can be used as reference indexes for salt tolerance evaluation of A.truncatum.

关 键 词：元宝枫 盐碱胁迫 生长特性 生理特性 光合生理 

分 类 号：S687.9[农业科学—观赏园艺]