不同利用方式对黑钙土腐殖质组分剖面分布特征的影响  

Profile Distribution Characteristics of Humus Components in Chernozem Soil under Different Land Use Types

作　　者：李春丽 董军 王鸿斌[1] 王丽群[1] 赵兰坡[1] Li Chunli;Dong Jun;Wang Hongbin;Wang Liqun;Zhao Lanpo(Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,P.R.China;Jilin Province Land Consolidation Center)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学,长春130118 [2]吉林省土地整治中心

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2022年第8期104-110,共7页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划项目(20190301017NY);中国工程院咨询研究项目(JL2021-001)。

摘　　要：为研究土地利用方式对土壤腐殖质组分的影响,以东北黑钙土区天然草地、人工林地和耕地为研究对象,采集0~100 cm土体中不同土层样品(腐殖质层、过渡层、石灰淀积层、过渡层和母质层),分析了不同利用方式土壤胡敏酸(HA)、富里酸(FA)和胡敏素(HM)质量分数和性质特征,从而为应对不同利用方式土壤固碳和提高黑钙土的可持续利用提供科学依据。结果表明:3种利用方式黑钙土腐殖质组分质量分数和性质明显不同。由腐殖质层至母质层,草地、林地和耕地土壤腐殖质各组分质量分数均随土层加深降低,HA、FA占土壤总有机碳比例随土层加深增加,而HM占土壤总有机碳比例随土层加深减少。草地转换为林地和开垦为耕地后,均造成HA、FA和HM质量分数减少,HA分别减少了14%、9%,FA分别减少了16%、17%,HM分别减少了4%、15%。不同利用方式土壤剖面中HA质量分数的差异在各土层都有发生,FA质量分数的差异主要发生在腐殖质层和淀积层以下的土层,说明土地利用方式对HA、FA的影响机制不同,易分解的FA在表层容易受到土地利用方式的影响。从腐殖质层至母质层,草地、林地和耕地土壤w(HA)∶w(FA)比值整体呈增加趋势,土壤有机质的稳定程度增强。草地土壤剖面HA和FA质量分数都高于林地和耕地,但w(HA)∶w(FA)比值总体上低于林地和耕地,反映了FA化学活性较高,易于矿化,开垦后其质量分数下降较快,不利于土壤FA的积累。In order to study the effects of land use on soil humus components, native grassland, artificial forestland and cropland in the Chernozm region of Northeast China were took as research objects to provide a scientific basis for different land use types of soil carbon sequestration and sustainable utilization of Chernozem. Then, different soil horizons(humus horizon, transition horizon, spodic horizon, transition horizon and parent material horizon) of 0-100 cm soil profile were collected to analyze the content and properties of soil humus components, including humic acid(HA), fulvic acid(FA) and humin(HM), under different land use types. The results showed that the contents and components of humus, HA, FA and HM, in the Chernozem soil, were obviously different under the three land use types. From humus horizon to parent material horizon, the content of each component of soil humus in grassland, artificial forestland and cropland decreased with soil depth deepening. The proportion of HA and FA in soil total organic carbon increased with soil depth deepening, while the proportion of HM in soil total organic carbon decreased with soil depth deepening. After the conversion of grassland to artificial forestland and reclamation to cropland, the content of HA, FA and HM all decreased. The content of HA decreased by 14% and 9%, respectively, the content of FA decreased by 16% and 17%, and the content of HM decreased by 4% and 15%, respectively. The difference of HA content in soil profiles with different land use types occurred in all soil horizons, while the difference of FA content mainly occurred in humus horizon and below spodic horizon, indicating that land use had different influence mechanisms on HA and FA, and the easily decomposed FA was easily affected by land use in the surface horizon. From humus horizon to parent material horizon, the W(HA)∶W(FA) ratio of grassland, artificial forestland and cropland increased, indicating that the stability of soil organic matter increased. The contents of HA and FA in gras

关 键 词：土地利用方式 腐殖质 HA FA 黑钙土 

分 类 号：S158.2[农业科学—土壤学]