碳化硅木陶瓷衍生碳材料制备及其电容性能  

Preparation and Capacitance Performance of Carbide Derived Carbon from SiC Wood Ceramic

作　　者：张婉婕 谢晨 王明杰 陈瑶[1] 高建民[1] Zhang Wanjie;Xie Chen;Wang Mingjie;Chen Yao;Gao Jianmin(Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学,北京100083

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2022年第8期117-121,128,共6页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金项目(6192020);国家级大学生创新训练计划项目(G201910022047)。

摘　　要：以椴木木材、聚碳硅烷(PCS)、纳米碳化硅粉(粒径800 nm)为材料,采用蚀刻碳化硅木陶瓷的方法制备碳化硅木陶瓷衍生碳电极材料;应用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察样品的微观形貌,应用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、拉曼光谱仪(RM5)分析材料的物相组成,应用美国康塔Autosorb iQ物理吸附仪以氮吸附方法测量材料孔结构,应用上海辰华CHI 660E电化学工作站分析材料的电化学性能。结果表明:随蚀刻温度提高,材料物相组成由β-SiC向无定形碳转化。衍生碳材料不但完整保留了天然木材的多孔结构,还成功引入了介孔和微孔,孔径分布较为集中。当蚀刻温度为900℃时,衍生碳材料的比表面积和微孔孔容最大,分别为937.91 m^(2)/g、0.41 cm^(3)/g。在以浓度为6 mol/L的KOH为电解液的三电极体系测试中,900℃蚀刻的样品电化学性能最好,在10 mA/cm^(2)电流密度时的比电容量为1.716 mF/cm^(2),并且具有良好的伏安特性和阻抗特性。Using basswood wood, polycarbosilane(PCS), and nano-silicon carbide powder(particle size: 800 nm) as materials, silicon carbide wood ceramic-derived carbon electrode materials were prepared by etching silicon carbide wood ceramics. Scanning electron microscopy(SEM) was used to observe them. The micro-morphology of the sample, the phase composition of the material was analyzed by X-ray diffractometer(XRD) and Raman spectrometer(RM5), the pore structure of the material was measured by nitrogen adsorption method using the American Quanta Autosorb iQ physical adsorption instrument, and the pore structure of the material was measured by the application of Shanghai Chenhua The electrochemical properties of the materials were analyzed using a CHI 660 E electrochemical workstation. The results show that as the etching temperature increases, the phase composition of the material changes from β-SiC to amorphous carbon. The derived carbon material not only retains the porous structure of natural wood, but also successfully introduces mesopores and micropores, and the pore size distribution is relatively concentrated. When the etching temperature was 900 ℃, the specific surface area and micropore volume of the derived carbon material were the largest, which were 937.91 m^(2)/g and 0.41 cm^(3)/g, respectively. In the three-electrode system test using KOH with a concentration of 6 mol/L as the electrolyte, the electrochemical performance of the sample etched at 900 ℃ is the best, the specific capacitance at the current density of 10 mA/cm^(2) is 1.716 mF/cm^(2), and it has a good volt-ampere characteristics and impedance characteristics.

关 键 词：碳化硅木陶瓷 碳化硅衍生碳 多孔碳材料 超级电容器 

分 类 号：S785[农业科学—林学] TM242[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]