封冻河道冰下流速分布规律研究  

Study on Velocity Distribution Under Ice Cover

作　　者：苏磊 蔺建铭 张宝森[1] 谢志刚[1] 田治宗[1] 邓宇[1] 于国卿[1] SU Lei;LIN Jianming;ZHANG Baosen;XIE Zhigang;TIAN Zhizong;DENG Yu;YU Guoqing(Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research,YRCC,Zhengzhou 450003,China;Ordos Development Center of Water Conservancy,Ordos 017000,China)

机构地区：[1]黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院,河南郑州450003 [2]鄂尔多斯市水利事业发展中心,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017000

出　　处：《人民黄河》2022年第9期95-99,105,共6页Yellow River

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1508405);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51879116,51979024);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(HKY-JBYW-2020-19);黄河水利科学研究院推转基金项目(HKY-YF-2022-05)。

摘　　要：河渠中冰盖的存在显著改变断面的水流结构,采用k-ε紊流模型建立冰盖下水流垂向二维数值模型,并将其应用于封冻河道冰盖下流速分布的计算,探讨影响封冻河道断面流速分布规律的主要因素。结果表明:封冻河道的断面流速分布情况主要与床面糙率、冰盖糙率及河道的水流条件等影响因素相关,水流条件相同时,冰盖糙率和床面糙率的比值越小,最大流速点的位置越靠近相对光滑的一侧,且在流动的核心区流速分布并不遵循对数分布规律,在最大流速处流速梯度几乎为零。The ice-cover in a river will obviously change the flow structure.This paper established the vertical 2-D numerical model withk-εturbulence model for ice-covered flow,simulated the velocity distribution in a freeze-up river and analyzed the main factors influencing the velocity distribution patterns.The calculated result shows that the velocity distribution in a freeze-up river mainly related to bed roughnessnb,ice roughnessniand flow conditions,under the same flow conditions,theni/nbis smaller and theUmaxis closer to the ice-cover.In the flow core the distribution of velocity deviates from the logarithmic law and the velocity gradient ofUmaxis almost zero.

关 键 词：冰盖 封冻河道 流速分布 紊流模型 糙率 

分 类 号：O383[理学—流体力学]