皇甫川流域水土保持率变化状况及阈值预测  

Variation of Soil and Water Conservation Rate and Threshold Prediction in Huangfuchuan Watershed

作　　者：董亚维[1] 曹雪峰[1] DONG Yawei;CAO Xuefeng(Upper and Middle Yellow River Bureau,YRCC,Xi’an 710021,China)

机构地区：[1]黄河水利委员会黄河上中游管理局,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《人民黄河》2022年第9期131-134,共4页Yellow River

基　　金：黄河水利委员会水土保持动态监测项目(黄水保[2006]10号);水利部财政预算项目(126201340009180001)。

摘　　要：水土保持率是美丽中国建设的评估指标之一。为了确定黄河中游多沙粗沙区皇甫川流域水土保持率阈值、给其他支流水土保持率阈值的确定及黄河流域水土流失精准治理等提供参考,基于不同时期水土流失动态监测成果、《土壤侵蚀分类分级标准》、中国土壤流失方程等,计算了皇甫川流域2006年、2011年、2019年水土保持率,并以2019年为现状基准年、以2050年为远期目标年,综合考虑水土流失现状及其治理难易程度、自然地理条件、经济社会发展状况及其对水土保持生态建设的要求等,研判流域内远期可能长期存在的水土流失面积、水土保持状况良好面积的上限,并对皇甫川流域水土保持率阈值进行了预测。结果表明:2006—2019年皇甫川流域水土流失面积和强度呈现“双下降”趋势,水土流失面积由2778.99 km^(2)减少到1598.98 km^(2),剧烈和极强烈土壤侵蚀面积明显减少、轻度以下土壤侵蚀面积明显增加;2006年、2011年、2019年水土保持率分别为14.39%、15.84%、50.74%,2050年水土保持率阈值为71.39%;皇甫川流域不需要治理的水土流失面积为2.61 km^(2),不可完全治理的水土流失面积为926.06km^(2),远期将长期存在的水土流失面积为928.67 km^(2),为了实现水土保持远期目标,还应通过预防和治理再减少水土流失面积670.31 km^(2)。Soil and water conservation rate is one of the evaluation indicators for building beautiful China.The soil and water conservation rates in 2006,2011 and 2019 in the Huangfuchuan Basin were calculated based on the results of dynamic monitoring of soil and water loss in different periods and Classification and Grading Standards for Soil Erosion as well as Soil Erosion Equation in China,etc.All the circumstances were used to ascertain the threshold value of soil and water conservation rate in the Huangfuchuan River Basin in the sandy and coarse sandy area of the middle reaches of the Yellow River as well as to provide references to other tributaries on aspects of the determination of the threshold value of soil and water conservation rate and the precise control of soil and water loss in the Yellow River Basin.The current situation of soil and water loss and the difficulty of governance,natural geographical conditions,economic and social development status and ecological construction requirements for soil and water conservation were comprehensively considered.Retention thresholds were predicted through the studies which showed possible existences of soil erosion for a long time in the basin and the upper limit of the area with good soil and water conservation status under the premise of the year of 2019 was taken as the current base year and 2050 as the long-term target year.From 2006 to 2019,the results show that there is a“double decline”trend on the area and intensity of soil erosion in Huangfuchuan Basin.Not only the area of soil and water loss is decreased from 2778.99 km^(2)to 1598.98 km^(2),but also the area of severe and extremely strong soil erosion is decreased obviously while the area of mild soil erosion is increased distinctly.The soil and water conservation rates in 2006,2011and 2019 are 14.39%,15.84%and 50.74%respectively and the threshold for the soil and water conservation rate in 2050 will be 71.39%.The area of needless treatment of soil and water loss in the Huangfuchuan Basin is 2.61 km^(2).T

关 键 词：水土保持率 现状值 阈值 水土流失 土壤侵蚀 皇甫川流域 

分 类 号：S157.2[农业科学—土壤学] TV882.1[农业科学—农业基础科学]