孕妇体重自我管理动机水平的影响因素分析  

Factors affecting the motivation for weight self-management among pregnant women

作　　者：常进科 张俊绘 赵文芳 刘爱菊 CHANG Jinke;ZHANG Junhui;ZHAO Wenfang;LIU Aiju(Department of Obstetrics,Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010020,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区妇幼保健院产科,内蒙古呼和浩特010020

出　　处：《预防医学》2022年第9期946-950,共5页CHINA PREVENTIVE MEDICINE JOURNAL

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技计划项目(2020GG0120);内蒙古自治区卫生健康科技计划项目(202202093)。

摘　　要：目的了解内蒙古呼和浩特市某三甲医院孕妇体重自我管理动机水平,并分析影响因素,为开展孕期体重管理提供参考。方法采用方便抽样方法,抽取2022年1─3月在呼和浩特市某三甲医院建档进行产前检查的18岁及以上孕妇为调查对象,收集年龄、身高、体重、职业、居住地、家庭月收入、孕产史和孕期等资料,采用孕期体重管理保护动机量表评估孕妇体重自我管理动机水平,采用多重线性回归模型分析孕妇体重自我管理动机水平的影响因素。结果调查969人,其中<35岁841人,占86.79%;大专及以上学历780人,占80.50%;市区794人,占81.94%;初产妇729人,占75.23%;孕晚期421人,占43.45%;孕前体质指数(BMI)<25 kg/m^(2)758人,占78.22%。孕妇体重自我管理动机得分为(127.53±14.60)分。多重线性回归分析结果显示,高中及以下学历(β'=-0.201)、无业/个体户(β'=-0.077)、居住在农村(β'=-0.059)、家庭月收入≤10000元(<5000元:β'=-0.238;5000~10000元:β'=-0.169)、孕晚期(β'=-0.135)和孕前BMI≥25 kg/m^(2)(β'=-0.214)降低孕妇体重自我管理动机水平。结论孕妇体重自我管理动机水平与孕期、孕前BMI、居住地、职业、文化程度和家庭月收入有关。Objective To investigate the motivation for weight self-management and analyze its influencing factors among pregnant women in a tertiary hospital in Hohhot City,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,so as to provide insights into body weight management during pregnancy.Methods Pregnant women at ages of 18 years and older that underwent prenatal examinations in a tertiary hospital in Hohhot City from January to March,2022 were sampled using a convenience sampling method.Subjects'age,height,weight,occupation,residence,monthly household income,history of gestation and childbirth and gestational period were collected,and the motivation for weight self-management was evaluated among pregnant women using a pregnancy weight management protein motivation scale.The factors affecting the motivation for weight self-management were identified among pregnant women using a multivariable linear regression model.Results Totally 969 pregnant women were recruited,including 841 women at ages of<35 years(86.79%),780 women with an educational level of diploma and above(80.50%),794 women living in urban areas(81.94%),729 primiparas(75.23%),421 women in the third trimester of gestation(43.45%)and 758 women with pre-pregnancy body mass index(BMI)of<25 kg/m^(2)(78.22%).The mean score of motivation for weight self-management was 127.53±14.60 among the pregnant women.Multivariable linear regression analysis showed that an educational level of high school and below(β′=-0.201),unemployed/self-employed individuals(β′=-0.077),living in rural areas(β′=-0.059),monthly household income of<10000 yuan(<5000 yuan,β′=-0.238;5000 to 10000 yuan,β′=-0.169),in the third trimester of gestation(β′=-0.135),pre-pregnancy BMI of 25 kg/m^(2) and higher(β′=-0.214)and reduced the motivation for weight self-management among pregnant women.Conclusion The motivation for weight self-management correlates with gestational period,pre-pregnancy BMI,residence,occupation,educational level and monthly household income among pregnant women.

关 键 词：孕期增重 体重管理 保护动机理论 影响因素 

分 类 号：R714[医药卫生—妇产科学]