挖斗焊接结构不同载荷方式下受力有限元分析  

Finite Element Analysis of Welded Excavator Bucket under Different Loading Modes

作　　者：柳岸敏[1] 刘国兴 马一鸣[2] 徐杰[2] 樊宇[2] LIU Anmin;LIU Guoxing;MAYiming;XU Jie;FAN Yu(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Changzhou College of Information Technology,Changzhou 213164,China;School of Materials Science and Physics,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221004,China)

机构地区：[1]常州信息职业技术学院,江苏常州213164 [2]中国矿业大学材料与物理学院,江苏徐州221004

出　　处：《电焊机》2022年第8期50-56,共7页Electric Welding Machine

基　　金：江苏省第五期“333工程”科研项目(BRA2020344);江苏省“青蓝工程”优秀教学团队(机电一体化技术专业教学团队)。

摘　　要：采用UG三维造型软件建立了某型号挖掘机挖斗焊接结构的三维几何模型,通过导入MSC.Marc和ANSYS Workbench软件,分别针对挖斗关键焊缝焊接过程和挖斗齿端在不同载荷工况下的受力进行有限元模拟计算与分析。基于挖掘机在挖掘过程中不同斗齿参与受力时的多种工况条件,系统研究了挖斗焊接结构不同工况条件下的应力和变形情况。研究结果表明:支耳关键焊缝区域残余应力较大,且耳板主焊缝上纵向残余应力峰值位于各焊缝的弧焊段;五齿均匀受力时,该型号挖斗满足静载设计要求;五齿不对称受力或偏载时会导致挖斗结构产生较大的应力与变形,并易导致挖斗发生早期损坏与失效;不同工况下挖斗结构应力及变形的差距随外载荷的增加而显著增大,且最大应力及变形多集中于挖斗的边齿位置,说明该处是挖斗结构的薄弱部位易发生损坏,这与该型号挖斗现场失效案例的反馈结果一致。本研究为挖斗的结构设计与优化提供了重要的理论依据。In this paper,a three-dimensional geometric model of the welded excavator bucket was established by using UG software.By importing MSC.Marc and ANSYS Workbench,finite element simulation and analysis were carried out respectively for the welding process of the key welding seams and the force of bucket tooth under different loading conditions.The stress and deformation of welded bucket structure were systematically studied when the bucket teeth are subjected to different forces in the excavation process.The results show that the residual stress in the weld area is relatively large,and the peak values of the longitudinal residual stress on the key welds of the lugs are located in the arc welding section of the weld.The bucket meets the static load design requirements when the five teeth are evenly stressed.However,when the five teeth are subjected to asymmetrical stress or biased load,the bucket structure will produce greater stress and deformation,and easily lead to early damage and failure of the bucket.The difference of structure stress and deformation between various working conditions increases significantly with the increase of external load,and the maximum stress and deformation are mostly concentrated in the position of the edge teeth of the bucket.This indicates that the edge tooth is the weak part of the bucket structure and liable to be damaged,which is consistent with the feedback results of the field failure cases of this type of bucket.The results provide an important theoretical basis for the subsequent structural design and optimization of the bucket.

关 键 词：挖斗 焊接结构 焊接应力 不同载荷工况 有限元分析 

分 类 号：TU621[建筑科学—建筑技术科学]