论卢梭与柏克的代表制之争  

The Debate on Representation Theory Between Rousseau and Burke

作　　者：朱欣 ZHU Xin(School of International Relations,University of International Business and Economics,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]对外经济贸易大学国际关系学院,北京100029

出　　处：《湖南科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第4期110-117,共8页Journal of Hunan University of Science and Technology(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：对外经济贸易大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(20QD09)。

摘　　要：卢梭与柏克围绕代表制与民主之间的关系问题发生过一场“指令与独立之争”。卢梭的政治参与强调全体公民的定期集会和沉默的投票,以便维护主权权威,由此他拒斥代表制;柏克则主张代表是主权性权力的归属,进而将政治参与理解为公民的政治性而非物理性的在场。在柏克的方案中,指令型代理人负责广泛地收集民意,独立型托管人通过理性协商,保障国家利益的统一。重新审视柏克和卢梭的代表制之争,有助于反思当代西方民主的困境所在。Rousseau and Burke had a“mandate-independence controversy”on the relationship between representation and democracy.Rousseau's political participation emphasized regular assemblies and silent voting of all citizens in order to maintain the sovereign power,thus he rejects representation.Burke argues that the sovereign power is attributed to representatives,and treats political participation as citizens'political presence rather than physical one.In Burke's scheme,delegates are responsible for collecting public opinions widely,while independent trustees integrate atomized individuals to ensure the unity of national interests.It is helpful for us to reflect on the dilemma of contemporary western democracy by re-examining the debate between Burke and Rousseau.

关 键 词：柏克 卢梭 政治参与 托管人 实质代表 

分 类 号：D07[政治法律—政治学]