不同颜色地膜覆盖对甜玉米生长发育及产量的影响  

Effects of Different Colors of Plastic Film Mulching on Growth and Yield of Sweetcorn

作　　者：黄盛绸 陈家同 HUANG Shengchou;CHEN Jiatong(Guangdong Provincial Agricultural Foreign Economy and Farmer Cooperation Promotion Center,Guangzhou Guangdong 510500;Modern Agriculture Health Planting and Breeding Farmers′Cooperative in Shanwei City,Shanwei Guangdong 516600)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业对外经济与农民合作促进中心,广东广州510500 [2]汕尾市现代农业健康种养农民合作社,广东汕尾516600

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2022年第17期11-14,18,共5页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

摘　　要：为明确不同颜色地膜覆盖对甜玉米生长、产量和品质的影响,选择在旱地进行试验,设计覆盖透明地膜处理、覆盖黑色地膜处理、覆盖银色地膜处理和不覆盖地膜作对照4个处理,随机区组排列,调查各处理甜玉米农艺性状、产量和鲜籽粒锤度。结果表明,与不覆盖地膜对照相比,在耕作层5 cm、10 cm和15 cm深处,透明地膜覆盖处理温度分别提高0.3℃、1.7℃和0.7℃,黑色地膜覆盖处理温度分别降低0.8℃、提高1.7℃和降低0.5℃,银色地膜覆盖处理分别降低0.8℃、提高1.9℃和降低0.5℃。3种颜色地膜覆盖处理除秃尖长减少外,其他甜玉米农艺性状均有增加,小区鲜苞产量分别增加1.75%、10.43%、12.55%,方差分析不显著;鲜穗产量分别增加9.25%、14.47%、15.37%,方差分析达显著水平;籽粒可溶性糖含量即锤度分别提高0.6、0.7、0.6个百分点,方差分析达极显著水平。3种颜色地膜均可用于甜玉米覆盖栽培,适应旱地生态条件种植,能促进甜玉米生长发育,增加产量和提高品质。To clear different colors of plastic film mulching on growth,yield and quality of sweetcorn,the experiment was conducted in the dry land.Four treatments(transparent plastic film mulching,black plastic film mulching,silver plastic film mulching,no plastic film mulching),were designed with randomized block arrangement.The agronomic characters,yield and fresh grain brix of sweetcorn in each treatment were investigated.The results showed that,compared with no plastic film mulching,in the depth of 5 cm,10 cm and 15 cm,the temperature of transparent plastic film mulching treatment increased by 0.3℃,1.7℃and 0.7℃,respectively;the temperature of black plastic film mulching treatment decreased by 0.8℃,increased by 1.7℃and decreased by 0.5℃,respectively;the temperature of silver plastic film mulching treatment decreased by 0.8℃,increased by 1.9℃and decreased by 0.5℃,respectively.The agronomic characters of sweetcorn in three plastic film mulching treatments were improved,except for that the length of bald tip decreased;the plot yield of fresh bud increased by 1.75%,10.43%and 12.55%,respectively(results of variance analysis were insignificant);the yield of fresh ear increased by 9.25%,14.47%and 15.37%,respectively(results of variance analysis were significant);the grain soluble sugar content(brix)increased by 0.6,0.7 and 0.6 percentage points,respectively(results of variance analysis were extremely significant).The plastic films with 3 colors all could be used in mulching cultivation of sweetcorn,which was suitable for ecological conditions of dry land planting,could promote growth and development of sweetcorn,could increase yield and improve quality.

关 键 词：甜玉米 地膜覆盖 生长发育 产量 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]