充填体覆盖下大断面六角形进路离心模拟试验  

Centrifugal modeling test of large hexagonal drift under backfill body

作　　者：刘涛 韩斌[1,2] 杨鹏[1,2,3] 张晨洁 赵中原[4] LIU Tao;HAN Bing;YANG Peng;ZHANG Chenjie;ZHAO Zhongyuan(School of Civil and Resource Engineering,Ministry of Education,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,P.R.China;Key Laboratory of High-Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines,Ministry of Education,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,P.R.China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Information Service Engineering,Beijing 100101,P.R.China;Northwest Institute of Mining and Metallurgy,Baiyin,Gansu 730900,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院,北京100083 [2]北京科技大学金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [3]北京市信息服务工程重点实验室,北京100101 [4]西北矿冶研究院,甘肃白银730900

出　　处：《重庆大学学报》2022年第8期105-114,共10页Journal of Chongqing University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51774045);“十三五”国家重点研发计划(2017YFC0804604)。

摘　　要：金川镍矿是我国最重要的镍矿资源基地,矿区岩石破碎,龙首矿区采用的小断面六角形进路分层下向胶结充填采矿法为厚大破碎矿体的安全开采提供了成功经验。金川公司二矿区东部贫矿体厚大、埋藏浅,开采技术条件相对较好,但矿岩品位较低,采用小断面六角形进路由于开采成本高、效率低,无法满足东部贫矿体的开采要求。为了降低成本、提高采矿效率,提出了采用中深孔落矿的大断面六角形进路下向充填法,六角形进路从4 m(腰宽)×5 m(高度)提高至16 m(腰宽)×20 m(高度)。采用离心模拟试验对自重应力影响下的大断面六角形进路充填体的变形破坏进行分析,试验结果表明:随着离心加速度的逐步增加,上覆充填体的位移也逐渐增大,在离心加速度为70g时进路两帮发生坍塌破坏,92g时顶板发生破坏,顶板稳定性强于两帮的稳定性;两帮发生破坏时最大累计竖向位移为0.627 cm,顶板发生破坏时最大累计位移为0.904 cm,顶板比两帮能够承受更大的极限变形量;充填体破坏模式主要为拉伸破坏和剪切破坏,六角形进路最终形成半椭圆的塌落拱并趋于稳定。Jinchuan Nickel Mine is the most important nickel ore resource base in China.The small-section hexagonal drift layered to the cemented filling mining method used in the Longshou mining area has provided a successful mining experience for the safe mining of thick and broken ore bodies.The ore in the eastern part of the Jinchuan Company’s No.2 mining area is thick and shallowly buried,and the mining technical conditions are relatively good,but the grade of the orebody is low.However,due to its high mining cost and low efficiency,the small-section hexagonal route cannot meet the mining requirements of lean orebody in the eastern part.In order to reduce cost and improve mining efficiency,a large-section hexagonal underhand drift cut-and-fill stoping method using medium-deep hole ore was proposed.The hexagonal approach was improved from 4 m(waist width)×5 m(height)to 16 m(waist width)×20 m(height).The centrifugal deformation test was used to analyze the deformation and failure of the large-section hexagonal road filling under the influence of self-weight stress.The test results show that with the gradual increase of centrifugal acceleration,the displacement of the overlying filling body gradually increased.At 70g of centrifugal acceleration,the two gangs collapsed and were destroyed.At 92g,the roof was damaged.The stability of the roof was stronger than that of the two gangs.The maximum cumulative vertical displacement of the two gangs was 0.627 cm.When the roof was damaged,the maximum cumulative displacement was 0.904 cm.The top plate could withstand greater ultimate deformation than the two gangs.The failure mode of the filling body was mainly tensile failure and shear failure,and the hexagonal approach eventually formed a semi-elliptical collapsed arch,and tended to be stable.

关 键 词：充填体 离心试验 下向进路充填法 极限变形量 

分 类 号：TD853[矿业工程—金属矿开采]