雅鲁藏布江中上游流域秋季鸟类多样性  

The Diversity of Autumn Birds in the Upper and Middle Reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River

作　　者：刘善思 王芳 杨乐 LIU Shan-si;WANG Fang;YANG Le(Tibet Musuem of Natural Science,Lhasa 850000,Tibet,China;Tibet Plateau Institute of Biology,Lhasa 850000,Tibet,China;Tibet University,Lhasa 850000,Tibet,China;Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏自然科学博物馆,西藏拉萨850000 [2]西藏自治区高原生物研究所,西藏拉萨850000 [3]西藏大学,西藏拉萨850000 [4]北京林业大学,北京100083

出　　处：《湿地科学与管理》2022年第4期31-35,40,共6页Wetland Science & Management

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合科学考察“重要野生水禽群落动态与栖息地保护”子专题(2019QZKK0304);中央引导地方科技发展资金“西藏城镇化进程对生物与生态安全影响研究与基层生物与生态安全应急能力建设示范”(XZ202201YD0015C)。

摘　　要：为掌握雅鲁藏布江中上游迁徙季鸟类资源状况,2021年9月通过样点法对雅鲁藏布江中上游流域进行了鸟类多样性调查,共记录到鸟类11目25科59种,其中雀形目鸟类12科33种,非雀形目鸟类10目13科26种,区系以古北界为主,居留类型以留鸟为主。调查流域主要以河流、高寒草原、草本沼泽、湿草甸等生境为主,高寒草原的鸟类多样性指数及优势度指数最高,分别为2.7141、12.3536,农田的鸟类均匀度指数最高,为0.9152,草本沼泽-高寒草原相似性最高,为0.6222。雅鲁藏布江上游生态脆弱,需加强对该流域环境及鸟类群落的长期监测,并加以保护。For mastering the seasonal migration of birds in the middle and upper reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River,in September 2021,we investigated the birds diversity by a sample plot survey.There were 59 species of birds,belonging to 25 families and 11 orders,including 33 Passeriformes species belonging to 12 families and 26 non-passeriformes species belonging to 13 families and 10 orders.The faunal composition was dominated by palaearctic realm,and the residence type was mainly of resident birds.The habitats of this investigated area were mainly rivers,alpine steppe,herbaceous marsh,wet meadow etc.,we found that alpine steppe had the highest bird diversity index and dominance index,2.7141 and 12.3536 respectively.Farmland had the highest evenness index(0.9152),and the herebaceous marsh-alpine steppe had the highest similarity index(0.6222).The ecological environment is fragile in the upper reaches of the Yajiang River,long-term observation of environment and bird community in this river-basin are needed,and more attention should be paid to the protection of the wetlands.

关 键 词：雅鲁藏布江 鸟类多样性 湿地 保护 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]