长短叶片转轮对振动改善的应用与研究  

Application and study on vibration improvement by runner with splitter blades

作　　者：范洋铭 何启源 王明坤 谢石林[1] FAN Yangming;HE Qiyuan;WANG Mingkun;XIE Shilin(School of Aerospace,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,Shaanxi,China;Dongfang Electric Machinery Co.,Ltd.,Deyang 618000,Sichuan,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学航天航空学院,陕西西安710049 [2]东方电气集团东方电机有限公司,四川德阳618000

出　　处：《水利水电技术（中英文）》2022年第7期58-68,共11页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11872290)。

摘　　要：国内抽水蓄能机组大多采用常规叶片水泵水轮机设计,且大部分为9+20组合,即转轮叶片数为9,活动导叶数为20,该组合设计方式的机组多数都伴有由动静干涉(RSI)引起的机组及厂房振动问题。长短叶片水泵水轮机的应用,最早由日本引入中国,国内应用相对较少,且都是5+5长短叶片。针对国内采用常规叶片水泵水轮机设计的抽水蓄能机组大多都伴有由动静干涉(RSI)引起的机组及厂房振动问题,结合世界首台成功应用的6+6长短叶片水泵水轮机改造案例,为了探究长短叶片转轮对于动静干涉及机组振动的改善,全面对比分析了改造前的9叶片水泵水轮机对机组及厂房振动的影响以及改造后的6+6长短叶片水泵水轮机对机组及厂房振动的改善。结合动静干涉机理分析以及频谱分析,推论出机组及厂房振动问题的主要原因,总结出长短叶片对改善内部流态、减小压力脉动的优势,并结合相位共振机理分析对动静干涉引发压力管道相位共振的可能性进行了探讨。研究结果表明:机组及厂房主振源来自于无叶区动静干涉,主要频率成分为90 Hz,厂房局部发生共振导致楼板振动偏大。使用6+6长短叶片水泵水轮机后,机组及厂房楼板振动降幅均超过60%,部分测点降幅甚至超过90%;压力脉动测点降幅均超过50%;长短叶片水泵水轮机对机组及厂房振动改善效果明显。Most domestic pumped storage units adopt the design of conventional vane pump turbine, and most of them are 9 + 20 combination, that is, the number of runner blades is 9 and the number of guide blades is 20, most units with this combination are accompanied by vibration problems of units and powerhouse caused by rotor-stator interaction(RSI). The application of long and short blade pump turbine was first introduced from Japan to China, and the domestic application is relatively few, and all of them are 5 + 5 long and short blades. Aiming at the problem that most of the pump-turbine units designed with the pump-turbine unit with conventional blades in China are accompanied by unit and powerhouse vibrations caused by rotor-stator interaction(RSI) and combining with the case of the successful application of 6 + 6 splitter blades(long and short blades) to pump-turbine at first time in the world, both the influence from the pump-turbine with 9 blades on the vibrations of the unit and the powerhouse before the improvement and the improvement of the vibrations with the pump-turbine with 6 + 6 splitter blades(long and short blades) after the improvement are comprehensively compared and analyzed, so as to explore the improvements of both the rotor-stator interaction(RSI) and then the unit vibration with the runner with splitter blades(long and short blades). In combination with the analysis of the mechanism of the rotor-stator interaction(RSI) and the relevant spectral analysis, the main causes of the vibrations of the unit and the powerhouse are deduced, and then the advantages of splitter blades(long and short blades) to improve the internal flow pattern and reduce the pressure pulsation are summarized, while the possibility of phase resonance of penstock caused by the rotor-stator interaction(RSI) is discussed in combination with the analysis of phase resonance mechanism as well. The study result shows that the main vibration source comes from the rotor-stator interference in the vaneless region with the main frequency

关 键 词：动静干涉 相位共振 厂房振动 长短叶片 抽水蓄能电站 水泵水轮机 压力脉动 

分 类 号：TV743[水利工程—水利水电工程]