基于遗传算法的TCE污染地下水修复抽水处理优化方案研究  

Genetic algorithm-based study on optimization scheme for remediation of TCE-contaminated groundwater with pump-and-treat system

作　　者：耿国婷 武晓峰[2] 游进军[3] GENG Guoting;WU Xiaofeng;YOU Jinjun(College of Water Resources Science and Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,Shanxi,China;Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School,Tsinghua University,Shenzhen 518055,Guangdong,China;State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学水利科学与工程学院,山西太原030024 [2]清华大学清华大学深圳国际研究生院,广东深圳518055 [3]中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,北京100038

出　　处：《水利水电技术（中英文）》2022年第7期69-81,共13页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52079143);山西省基础研究计划项目(20210302124458)。

摘　　要：抽水处理技术已广泛应用于地下水污染现场修复,系统设计运行不当会严重影响抽水处理的成本和效率。布井位置和抽水流量是抽水处理系统设计的两个关键因素,需考虑污染现场及饮用水源位置、经济成本等条件,因而布井方案需综合实际情况考虑不同参数。已有的抽水处理系统主要依据经验设计,不能满足复杂系统下经济高效运行的目的。因此,根据影响抽水处理系统经济效应的因素寻求经济高效的最优布井方案越来越重要。以某典型三氯乙烯(TCE)污染含水层为例,运用地下水流场、溶质运移模拟模型与遗传算法相结合的优化技术MGO,采用水力优化和运移优化两种地下水污染修复模式进行优化。基于情景分析比较了不同修复时间、井的数量、目标修复浓度、吸附常数和渗透系数等参数调整对井位和抽水量优化布局的影响,探索了抽水处理系统优化中遗传算法设计参数的确定方法,总结了影响抽水处理系统经济效应的不同因素及其变化规律。结果表明,抽水成本随井数的增多、修复时间的延长、目标修复浓度的增大而降低,但降幅会在某一临界范围内显著缩小,需根据实际工程需要,平衡各方成本因素。当目标修复浓度为0.03 mg/L且修复时间为20 a时,3眼井较2眼井抽水成本减少18%。目标修复浓度不变,修复时间由20 a增至30 a时,以2眼井方案为例,30 a较20 a抽水成本减少了12%。当目标修复浓度由0.03 mg/L增至0.3 mg/L时,1眼井修复30 a后,抽水成本减少62.3%。井位(井群中心)随井数、修复时间、目标修复浓度等系统设计参数以及含水层渗透系数的增大向下游移动,随含水层吸附常数的降低向下游移动。The pump-and-treat(P&T) technique is already widely used in contaminated groundwater remediation sites, but inappropriate design and operation of the system are going to severely affect the cost and efficiency of the pump-and-treat system. Both the pumping flow rate and the well locations are two key factors for the design of the P&T system, thus the conditions of the contaminated sites and the locations of the source of drinking water as well as the economic costs are necessary to be considered, and then different parameters must be considered for the well-layout scheme in combination with the actual conditions concerned. The existing P&T systems are mainly empirically designed and cannot meet the purpose of economic and efficient operation under complicated system. As a result, seeking the relevant optimal economic and efficient well-layout scheme becomes more and more important. Taking a typical contaminated aquifer as the study case, the optimization technique(MGO) integrating the groundwater flow model(MODFLOW) and the contaminant transport model(MT3 DMS) with genetic algorithm is applied to carry out the optimization through adopting two groundwater contamination remediation modes, i.e. hydraulic optimization and contaminant transport optimization. Based on the relevant scenario analysis, the influences regarding the adjustments of the parameters such as various remediation time, number of wells, target remediation concentration, adsorption constant, permeability coefficient, etc. on the optimized layout of well location and pumping capacity are analyzed, and then the determination of the design parameters for the genetic algorithm integrated into the optimization of the P&T system is explored, while various factors affecting the cost-effectiveness of the P&T system and their changing laws are summarized as well. The results show that the pumping cost is to be decreased along with the increase of the number of wells, the extension of the remediation time and the increase of the target remediation concentrat

关 键 词：地下水污染修复 抽水处理技术 优化方法 经济运行 敏感性分析 地下水 水质 水环境 

分 类 号：TV11[水利工程—水文学及水资源]