基于热解与燃烧反应重构的低NOx解耦燃烧原理与技术  

Principle and technology of low-NOx decoupling combustion based on restructuring reactions

作　　者：刘新华[1] 韩振南 韩健 梁斌[1] 张楠[1] 胡善伟 白丁荣 许光文[2] LIU Xinhua;HAN Zhennan;HAN Jian;LIANG Bin;ZHANG Nan;HU Shanwei;BAI Dingrong;XU Guangwen(State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Complex Systems,Institute of Process Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;Key Laboratory on Resources Chemicals and Material of Ministry of Education,Shenyang University of Chemical Technology,Shenyang 110142,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院过程工程研究所多相复杂系统国家重点实验室,北京100190 [2]沈阳化工大学特色资源化工与材料教育部重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110142

出　　处：《化工学报》2022年第8期3355-3368,共14页CIESC Journal

基　　金：中国科学院A类战略性先导科技专项(XDA21040400)。

摘　　要：解耦燃烧原理最早于1995年被用于烟煤的低氮无烟燃烧,其通过分离燃料热解与半焦燃烧,打破两反应在传统燃烧方式中的耦合作用,并通过重构热解挥发分与半焦的燃烧反应,实现挥发分完全燃烧的同时有效还原燃烧生成的NO_(x)。基于此方法的燃烧技术在1997年被定义为“解耦燃烧”。本文围绕固体燃料解耦燃烧高效低氮化原理、燃烧过程反应重构原则和反应过程定向调控关键要素,综合总结近三十年在煤炭与生物质解耦燃烧基础研究、技术开发、民用及工业燃烧典型应用及其实现的燃烧强化效果等方面取得的主要进展。解耦燃烧耦合其他诸如燃料再燃、燃料或空气分级燃烧、流态重构燃烧等先进燃烧技术可以进一步提高燃烧效率,降低空气污染物排放。解耦燃烧技术特别适合高含水燃料,对创新低阶煤和有机废弃物等的高效低氮燃烧新技术具有重要的科学意义和应用价值。Decoupling combustion principle was first introduced to achieve low-NOand smokeless combustion of bituminous coal in 1995.By separating fuel pyrolysis from char combustion to break the spatio-temporal coupling of these reactions in traditional combustion,the principle can achieve complete combustion of volatiles and highefficient NO_(x) reduction simultaneously through purposely restructuring such reactions.This combustion technology originating essentially from restructuring its involved reactions was formally defined as“decoupling combustion”in 1997.Focusing on the principle of high-efficiency and low-NOcombustion and general concerns for restructuring the combustion-involved reactions,this article summarizes the major progress made in the last thirty years in fundamental research and technical development of decoupling combustion of coal and biomass as well as the typical applications of the technology for civil and industrial utilizations with proven effectiveness in intensifying combustion and reducing NOemission.The decoupling combustion can be combined with other advanced combustion technologies,such as fuel-and air-staged combustion,reburning and combustion based on the theory of fluidization state specification,to further improve combustion efficiency and lower air emissions.The decoupling combustion technology is especially suitable for high water content fuels,and has strong scientific significance and application value for innovative new technologies of high-efficiency and low-NOcombustion of low-rank coal and organic waste.

关 键 词：解耦燃烧 低氮燃烧 炉排炉 流化床 煤燃烧 生物质 

分 类 号：TQ534[化学工程—煤化学工程] S216[农业科学—农业机械化工程]